
Listing of Useful Plants of the World
NOTICE: Information on the background to this Listing is available. The analysis of numbers of papers/mentions over time was completed in 1997, using the Agricola database (1970-1996). Hard copies of the Listing (553 pages; over 4200 new crops listed with the analyses of numbers of papers over time included) are available from the publisher, Dr Rob Fletcher; see Advice on Publications Available.
The references listed below are from the Biological Abstracts database (1988-2000) and are courtesy of SilverPlatter Information. For more information re Silverplatter, go to www.silverplatter.com.
Your attention is drawn to this species' potential as a
weed.Acacia senegal
syn Acacia verek
Analysis of numbers of papers/mentions over time
(Agricola database 1970-1996):|
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Source: AGRICOLA database (1970-1996)
Common Name(s):
gum arabic tree syn senegal gum syn nebulReferences
(Biological Abstracts 1988-2000):[These references are from the Biological Abstracts database and are courtesy of SilverPlatter Information. For more information re SilverPlatter, go to
www.silverplatter.com. References are listed alphabetically by author within years, with most recent references first; addresses of author(s) have been included when available. To search within this page, we suggest using Find in Page, within the Edit menu of the Web Browser.]Abdulrazak, S. A., E. A. Orden, et al. (2000). Chemical composition, phenolic concentration and in vitro gas production characteristics of selected acacia fruits and leaves. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. [print] July 13(7): 935-940. {a} Laboratory of Animal Science, Shimane University, Matsue-shi, 690-8504, Japan
Clamens, C., F. Rincon, et al. (2000). Species widely disseminated in Venezuela which produce gum exudates. Food Hydrocolloids. [print] June 14(3): 253-257. {a} Centro de Investigaciones en Quimica de los Productos Naturales, Facultad de Humanidades y Educacion, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
Fauconnier, M. L., C. Blecker, et al. (2000). Characterization of two Acacia gums and their fractions using a Langmuir film balance. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. [print] July 48(7): 2709-2712. {a} Unite de Technologie des Industries Agro-alimentaires, Faculte Universitaire des Sciences Agronomiques de Gembloux, 2 Passage des Deportes, B-5030, Gembloux, Belgium
Goodrum, L. J., A. Patel, et al. (2000). Gum arabic glycoprotein contains glycomodules of both extensin and arabinogalactan-glycoproteins. Phytochemistry Oxford. [print] May 54(1): 99-106. {a} Department of Chemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
Jindal, S. K., M. Singh, et al. (2000). Performance of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd accessions for tree height at rocky rangelands of the Thar Desert. Journal of Arid Environments. [print] June 46(2): 111-118. {a} Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, 342003, India
Khan, M. N., O. Ngassapa, et al. (2000). Antimicrobial activity of Tanzanian chewing sticks against oral pathogenic microbes. Pharmaceutical Biology. [print] July 38(3): 235-240. {a} Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
Rehman, S., P. J. C. Harris, et al. (2000). The relationship between ions, vigour and salinity tolerance of Acacia seeds. Plant and Soil. [print] 220(1-2): 229-233. {a} School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
Sutherland, J. M., D. W. Odee, et al. (2000). Single and multi-strain rhizobial inoculation of African acacias in nursery conditions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. March 32(3): 323-333. {a} Department of Biological Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, DD1 4HN, UK
Argaw, M., D. Teketay, et al. (1999). Soil seed flora, germination and regeneration pattern of woody species in an Acacia woodland of the Rift Valley in Ethiopia. Journal of Arid Environments. Dec. 43(4): 411-435. {a} Forestry Research, Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia
Baldwin, T. C., P. E. Quah, et al. (1999). A serotaxonomic study of Acacia gum exudates. Phytochemistry Oxford. Feb. 50(4): 599-606. {a} Sch. Biol. Sci., Univ. Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Deans, J. D., O. Diagne, et al. (1999). Nutrient and organic-matter accumulation in Acacia senegal fallows over 18 years. Forest Ecology and Management. Dec. 124(2-3): 153-167. {a} Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UK
Duponnois, R., K. Senghor, et al. (1999). Susceptibility of several sahelian Acacia to Meloidogyne javanica (Treub) Chitw. Agroforestry Systems 46(2): 123-130. {a} Laboratoire de Biopedologie, IRD, Dakar, Senegal
Eshete, G. and G. Stahl (1999). Tree rings as indicators of growth periodicity of acacias in the Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Forest Ecology and Management 116(1-3): 107-117. {a} Faculty of Forestry, Alemaya University of Agriculture, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
Nick, G., L. P. de, et al. (1999). Sinorhizobium arboris sp. nov. and Sinorhizobium kostiense sp. nov., isolated from leguminous trees in Sudan and Kenya. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. Oct. 49(4): 1359-1368. {a} Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, Viikki Biocentre, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
Nick, G., M. Jussila, et al. (1999). Rhizobia isolated from root nodules of tropical leguminous trees characterized using DNA-DNA dot-blot hybridisation and rep-PCR genomic fingerprinting. Systematic and Applied Microbiology. May 22(2): 287-299. {a} VTT Biotechnology and Food Research, 02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
Rasanen, L. A. and K. Lindstrom (1999). The effect of heat stress on the symbiotic interaction between Sinorhizobium sp. and Acacia senegal. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 28(1): 63-74. {a} Dep. Applied Chemistry Microbiology, P.O. Box 56, Biocenter 1, Viikinkaari 9, University Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
Thurston, M. I., G. A. Bonwick, et al. (1999). Effect of heat and pH on the carbohydrate epitopes of gum from Acacia senegal recognised by monoclonal antibodies. Food and Agricultural Immunology. June 11(2): 145-153. {a} Royal Botanic Garden, Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JH, UK
Assefa, F. and D. Kleiner (1998). Nodulation pattern and acetylene reduction (nitrogen fixation) activity of some highland and lowland Acacia species of Ethiopia. Biology and Fertility of Soils 27(1): 60-64. {a} Microbiol. Dep., Univ. Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
Danthu, P., P. N. Sall, et al. (1998). Grafting compatibility between some African acacias: First results. Bois et Forets des Tropiques(258): 49-56. {a} ISRA/DRPF, B.P. 2312, Dakar, Senegal
de, L. P., A. Willems, et al. (1998). Characterization of tropical tree rhizobia and description of Mesorhizobium plurifarium sp. nov. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 48(2): 369-382. {a} Lab. Microbiol., Univ. Gent, K.-L. Ledeganckstr. 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
Eshete, G. and G. Stahl (1998). Functions for multi-phase assessment of biomass in acacia woodlands of the Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Forest Ecology and Management 105(1-3): 79-90. {a} Alemaya Univ. Agric., Fac. Forestry, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
Foetisch, K., J. Faeh, et al. (1998). IgE antibodies specific for carbohydrates in a patients allergic to gum arabic (Acacia senegal). Allergy Copenhagen 53(11): 1043-1051. {a} Paul-Ehrlich-Inst., Dep. Allergol., Paul-Ehrlich Str. 51-59, D-63225 Langen, Germany
Haukka, K., K. Lindstrom, et al. (1998). Three phylogenetic groups of nodA and nifH genes in Sinorhizobium and Mesorhizobium isolates from leguminous trees growing in Africa and Latin America. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64(2): 419-426. {a} Dep. Applied Chemistry Microbiol., Division Microbiol., P.O. Box 56, Biocenter 1A, FIN-00014 Univ. Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Idris, O. H. M., P. A. Williams, et al. (1998). Characterisation of gum from Acacia senegal trees of different age and location using multidetection gel permeation chromatography. Food Hydrocolloids 12(4): 379-388. {a} Cent. Water Soluble Polymers, North East Wales Inst., Plas Coch, Mold Rd., Wrexham LL11 2AW, UK
Karamalla, K. A., N. E. Siddig, et al. (1998). Analytical data for Acacia senegal var. senegal gum samples collected between 1993 and 1995 from Sudan. Food Hydrocolloids 12(4): 373-378. {a} Dep. Biochem. Soil Sci., Fac. Agric., Univ. Khartoum, PO Box 32, Khartoum North, Sudan
Kaur, K., P. Gupta, et al. (1998). In vitro propagation of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. from mature nodal explants. Advances in Plant Sciences 11(2): 229-233. Plant Pathol. Tissue Cult. Biotechnol. Lab., Dep. Botany, Univ. Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
Krueger, O. and G. C. McGavin (1998). The influence of ants on the guild structure of Acacia insect communities in Mkomazi Game Reserve, north-east Tanzania. African Journal of Ecology 36(3): 213-220. {a} Univ. Oxford, Dep. Zoology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
Mocak, J., P. Jurasek, et al. (1998). The classification of natural gums. X. Chemometric characterization of exudate gums that conform to the revised specification of the gum arabic for food use, and the identification of adulterants. Food Hydrocolloids 12(2): 141-150. {a} North East Wales Inst. Wrexham, Wales, UK
Rao, A. V. and J. C. Tarafdar (1998). Selection of plant species for rehabilitation of gypsum mine spoil in arid zone. Journal of Arid Environments 39(4): 559-567. Cent. Arid Zone Res. Inst., Jodhpur 342 003, Rajasthan, India
Rehman, S., P. J. C. Harris, et al. (1998). The effect of hardening on the salinity tolerance of Acacia seeds. Seed Science and Technology 26(3): 743-754. {a} School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
Singh, H. S. (1998). Study on biodiversity on Hingolgadh Nature Education Sanctuary. Indian Forester 124(10): 825-832. {a} Gujarat Ecological Education and Research Foundation, Gandhinagar, GUJ, India
Thurston, M. I., G. A. Bonwick, et al. (1998). Detection of gum from Acacia seyal and species of combretum in admixtures with A. senegal using monoclonal antibodies. Food and Agricultural Immunology 10(3): 237-247. {a} Univ. Oxford, Dep. Plant Sci., South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK
Vyas, M. B. and K. C. Sharma (1998). Spermoderm patterns in some Mimosaceae. Feddes Repertorium 10(1-2): 67-72. Dep. Bot., Univ. Rajasthan, Jaipur-302 004, India
Bukhari, Y. M. (1997). A simple method of chromosome preparation for Acacia and Prosopis (Mimosaceae). Hereditas Lund 126(2): 195-197. Dep. Plant Biol., Univ. Helsinki, Box 27, FIN-00014, Finland
Diallo, I., P. I. Samb, et al. (1997). Floral biology and pollination in Acacia senegal (L.) Wild. Acta Botanica Gallica 144(1): 73-82. {a} ISRA/DRPF, Rte. Peres Maristes, BP 2312 Dakar, Senegal
Masutha, T. H., M. L. Muofhe, et al. (1997). Evaluation of N-2 fixation and agroforestry potential in selected tree legumes for sustainable use in South Africa. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 29(5-6): 993-998. {a} Botany Dep., Univ. Cape Town, P/B, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
Palma, B., G. F. Vogt, et al. (1997). Micrografting, an answer to the in vitro multiplication of Acacia senegal (L) Willd? Annales des Sciences Forestieres Paris 54(2): 203-210. {a} Inst. Mediterraneen Ecol. Paleoecol., CNRS Ura 1152, Fac. Sci. Techn. Saint-Jerome, Case 442, 13397 Marseille cedex 20, France
Rehman, S., P. J. C. Harris, et al. (1997). The effect of sodium chloride on germination and the potassium and calcium contents of Acacia seeds. Seed Science and Technology 25(1): 45-57. {a} Sch. Nat. Environmental Sci., Coventry Univ., Priory St., Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
Beristain, C. I., E. Azuara, et al. (1996). Kinetic model for water/oil absorption of mesquite gum (Prosopis juliflora) and gum arabic (Acacia senegal). International Journal of Food Science and Technology 31(5): 379-386. {a} Inst. Ciencias Basicas, Univ. Veracruzana, Apdo. Postal 575, Xalapa, Mexico
Chikamai, B. N., W. B. Banks, et al. (1996). Processing of gum arabic and some new opportunities. Food Hydrocolloids 10(3): 309-316. {a} Kenya Forestry Res. Inst., PO Box 20412, Nairobi, Kenya
Decloux, M., M. Dornier, et al. (1996). Crossflow microfiltration of gum arabic solutions: Comparison of the classical system with the co-current permeate flow system. International Journal of Food Science and Technology 31(2): 153-166. {a} Ecole Nationale Superieure des Industries Agricoles Alimentaires, Food Engineering Dep., Inst. National de Recherche Agronomique, 1 Ave. des Olympiades, 91305 Massy Cedex, France
Haukka, K., K. Lindstroem, et al. (1996). Diversity of partial 16S rRNA sequences among and within strains of African rhizobia isolated from Acacia and Prosopis. Systematic and Applied Microbiology 19(3): 352-359. {a} Dep. Biol., Univ. York, P.O. Box 373, York YO1 5YW, UK
Hayashi, I. (1996). Five years experiment on vegetation recovery of drought deciduous woodland in Kitui, Kenya. Journal of Arid Environments 34(3): 351-361. Sugadaira Montane Res. Cent., Univ. Tsukuba, Sanada-machi, Nagano-ken 386-22, Japan
Kreuger, M. and H. G. J. Van (1996). Arabinogalactan proteins and plant differentiation. Plant Molecular Biology 30(6): 1077-1086. {a} S and G Seeds, P.O. Box 26, 1600 AA Enkhuizen, Netherlands
Menzies, A. R., M. E. Osman, et al. (1996). A comparison of the physicochemical and immunological properties of the plant gum exudates of Acacia senegal (gum arabic) and Acacia seyal (gum tahla). Food Additives and Contaminants 13(8): 991-999. {a} ConvaTec WHRI, First Ave., Deeside Ind. Park, Clwyd CH5 2NU, UK
Nijiti, C. F. and A. Galiana (1996). Symbiotic properties and Rhizobium requirements for effective nodulation of five tropical dry zone acacias. Agroforestry Systems 34(3): 265-275. Forestry Res. Section, Inst. Agronomic Res., IRA, P.O. Box 415, Garoua, Cameroon
Palma, B., G. F. Vogt, et al. (1996). A combined in vitro/in vivo method for improved grafting of Acacia senegal (L.) willd. Journal of Horticultural Science 71(3): 379-381. {a} Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Instituto de Biologia, Valparaiso, Chile
Phillips, G. O., S. Takigami, et al. (1996). Hydration characteristics of the gum exudate from Acacia senegal. Food Hydrocolloids 10(1): 11-19. {a} Newtech Innovation Cent., Wrexham, Clwyd, UK
Teketay, D. (1996). Germination ecology of twelve indigenous and eight exotic multipurpose leguminous species from Ethiopia. Forest Ecology and Management 80(1-3): 209-223. Alemaya Univ. Agriculture, Faculty Forestry, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
Annison, G., R. P. Trimble, et al. (1995). Feeding Australian acacia gums and gum arabic leads to non-starch polysaccharide accumulation in the cecum of rats. Journal of Nutrition 125(2): 283-292. {a} CSIRO Div. Human Nutrition, O'Halloran Hill, SA 5158, Australia
Biswas, S., B. Biswas, et al. (1995). Classification of natural gums: Part VIII. Chemometric assignment of commercial gum exudates from Africa using cluster analysis on the protein amino acid compositions. Food Hydrocolloids 9(3): 151-163. {a} Newtech Innovation Centre North East Wales Institute, Croesnewydd Hall, Wrexham Technology Park, Wrexham, Clwyd, UK
Jurasek, P., S. Varga, et al. (1995). Classification of natural gums: VII. Relationships between the series Vulgares (Acacia senegal) and Gummiferae (Acacia seyal). Food Hydrocolloids 9(1): 17-34. {a} Newtech Innovation Cent., Wrexham, Clwyd, UK
Mhinzi, G. S. and H. D. J. Mrosso (1995). Studies on Tanzanian Acacia gums: Part 3. Some properties of gum exudates from the series vulgares and Gummiferae. Food Chemistry 54(3): 261-264. {a} Chem. Dep., Univ. Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35061, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Ndoye, I., M. Gueye, et al. (1995). Nitrogen fixation in Faidherbia albida, Acacia raddiana, Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal estimated using the 15N isotope dilution technique. Plant and Soil 172(2): 175-180. {a} Universite C A Diop, Departement Biologie Vegetale, B.P. 5005, Dakar, Senegal
Osman, M. E., A. R. Menzies, et al. (1995). Characterization of gum arabic fractions obtained by anion-exchange chromatography. Phytochemistry Oxford 38(2): 409-417. {a} Polymer Colloid Chem. Group, North East Wales Inst., Connah's Quay, Deeside, Clwyd CH5 4BR, UK
Palma, B., G. Vogt, et al. (1995). Environmental factors that influence germination of seeds of A. senegal, Willd. Phyton Buenos Aires 57(2): 103-112. {a} Lab. Fisiol. Vegetal, Inst. Biol., Univ. Catolica Valparaiso, Box 4059, Valparaiso, Chile
Palma, B., G. Vogt, et al. (1995). Endogenous factors that limit seed germination of Acacia senegal Willd. Phyton Buenos Aires 57(2): 97-102. {a} Lab. Fisiol. Vegetal, Inst. Biol., Univ. Catolica Valparaiso, Box 4059, Valparaiso, Chile
Pandit, B. R., R. M. Kumar, et al. (1995). Nitrogen and phosphorus status in the three different species of Acacia in the reserved forest near Bhavnagar. Advances in Plant Sciences 8(1 Suppl.): 103-107. Dep. Life Sci., Bhavnagar Univ., Bhavnagar 364 002, India
Patten, R. S. and J. E. Ellis (1995). Patterns of species and community distributions related to environmental gradients in an arid tropical ecosystem. Vegetatio 117(1): 69-79. {a} Biol. Dep., Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
Ray, A. K., P. B. Bird, et al. (1995). Functionality of gum arabic: Fractionation, characterization and evaluation of gum fractions in citrus oil emulsions and model beverages. Food Hydrocolloids 9(2): 123-131. Corp. Res. Dev. Dep., Coca Cola Co., PO Box 1734, Atlanta, GA 30301, USA
Robertson, B. K., B. Dreyfus, et al. (1995). Ecology of Stem-Nodulating Rhizobium and Azorhizobium in Four Vegetation Zones of Senegal. Microbial Ecology 29(1): 71-81. {a} Lab. Soil Microbiol., Dep. Soil Crop Atmospheric Sci., Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
Sanginga, N., B. Vanlauwe, et al. (1995). Management of biological N-2 fixation in alley cropping systems: Estimation and contribution to N balance. Plant and Soil 174(1-2): 119-141. {a} Int. Inst. Tropical Agric., PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
Soni, P. L. (1995). Some commercially important Indian gum exudates. Indian Forester 121(8): 754-759. Chem. Div., Forest Res. Inst., Dehra Dun, India
Steffan, W., P. Kovac, et al. (1995). Characterization of a monoclonal antibody that recognizes an arabinosylated (1 fwdarw 6)-beta-D-galactan epitope in plant complex carbohydrates. Carbohydrate Research 275(2): 295-307. {a} Complex Carbohydrate Res. Cent., Univ. Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-4712, USA
Sundararaj, R., S. Murugesan, et al. (1995). Differential impact of NSKP extracts on nutrition and reproduction of Taragama siva Lefbvre (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae). Entomon 20(3-4): 257-261. Div. Forest Protection, Arid Forest Res. Inst., 16/512 CHB, Jodpur 342 008, India
Sundararaj, R., S. Murugesan, et al. (1995). Efficacy of neem seed oil against the babul whitefly Acaudaleyrodes rachipora (Singh) (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera). Indian Forester 121(11): 1077-1080. Div. Forest Prot., Arid Forest Res. Inst., Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Takigami, S., M. Takigami, et al. (1995). Effect of preparation method on the hydration characteristics of hylan and comparison with another highly cross-linked polysaccharide, gum arabic. Carbohydrate Polymers 26(1): 11-18. {a} Newtech Innovation Cent., North East Wales Inst., Clwyd, Wales, UK
Avila, D. A. G., D. G. D. Attias, et al. (1994). Physical properties of Enterolobium cyclocarpum gum exudate and its pharmaceutical application. Acta Cientifica Venezolana 45(1): 71-74. {a} Catedra de Tecnol. Farm., Fac. de Farmacia, UCV, Caracas, Venezuela
Chevallier, M. H., J. P. Brizard, et al. (1994). Genetic diversity in the Acacia senegal complex. Bois et Forets des Tropiques(240): 5-12. {a} CIRAD-Foret, ISRA/D.R.P.F., B.P. 2312, Dakar, Senegal
Haukka, K. and K. Lindstrom (1994). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for genotypic comparison of Rhizobium bacteria that nodulate leguminous trees. FEMS Microbiology Letters 119(1-2): 215-220. {a} Dep. Biol., University York, Heslington, York YO1 5DD, UK
Jamal, A. (1994). Major insect pests of gum arabic trees Acacia senegal Willd. and Acacia seyal L. in western Sudan. Journal of Applied Entomology 117(1): 10-20. Biocontrol Div., CNR-UC Berkeley, 1050 San Pablo Ave., Albany, CA 94706, USA
Jurasek, P., G. O. Phillips, et al. (1994). The classification of natural gums: VI. Gum arabic derived from Acacia senegal var. Kerensis from Kenya. Food Hydrocolloids 8(6): 567-588. {a} Slovak Technical Univ., Fac. Chem. Technol., Bratislava, Slovakia
Lamers, J. P. A., K. Michels, et al. (1994). Trees and windbreaks in the Sahel: Establishment, growth, nutritive, and calorific values. Agroforestry Systems 26(3): 171-184. {a} Inst. Agric. Econ., Univ. Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Masamba, C. (1994). Presowing seed treatments on four African Acacia species: Appropriate technology for use in forestry for rural development. Forest Ecology and Management 64(2-3): 105-109. Forestry Res. Inst. Malawi, P.O. Box 270, Zomba, Malawi
Mollard, A. and J. P. Joseleau (1994). Acacia senegal cells cultured in suspension secrete a hydroxyproline-deficient arabinogalactan-protein. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Montrouge 32(5): 703-709. {a} Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolecules Vegetales, Universite Joseph Fourier, BP 53 X, 38041 Grenoble Cedex, France
Palma, B., G. Vogt, et al. (1994). Comparison of root pruning systems of seedlings and plantlets of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. Phyton Buenos Aires 55(1): 137-146. {a} Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Casilla 4059, Valparaiso, Chile
Pellerin, P., E. Waters, et al. (1994). Effect of polysaccharides on protein-haze formation in a white wine. Journal International des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin 28(3): 213-225. {a} Lab. Polymerese Tech. Phys. Chim., Inst. Produits Vigne, INRA 9 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
Robertson, W. H. (1994). Modelling soil nitrogen levels under acacia/sorghum rotations. Agroforestry Systems 27(3): 283-292. Dep. Statistics Modelling Sci., Univ. Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XH, UK
Ai, K. H., J. Jin, et al. (1993). Studies on CD spectra of derivatives of shikonin and alkannin. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 28(4): 282-285. Dep. Chemistry, Sichuan Unsiv., Chengdu 610064
Anderson, D. M. W. (1993). Some factors influencing the demand for gum arabic (Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.) and other water-soluble tree exudates. Forest Ecology and Management 58(1-2): 1-18. Chem. Dep., Univ., Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, UK
Badji, S., Y. Mairone, et al. (1993). In vitro propagation of the gum arabic tree (Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.): 1. Developing a rapid method for producing plants. Plant Cell Reports 12(11): 629-633. {a} Lab. Biol. Physiol. Veg., Cent. ORSTOM, B.P. 1386, Dakar, Senegal
Biswas, B. and G. O. Phillips (1993). Classification of natural gums. V. Identification of commercial gum arabic from Africa by Euclidean modelling. Food Hydrocolloids 7(6): 507-520. Newtech Innovation Cent., Deeside, Clwyd, UK
Chikamai, B. N. and W. B. Banks (1993). Gum arabic from Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. in Kenya. Food Hydrocolloids 7(6): 521-534. Sch. Agric. and Forest Sci., University Coll. North Wales, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK
De, P. G., O. Rodriguez, et al. (1993). Composition of Cercidium praecox gum exudates. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 21(2): 297-300. {a} Lab. Investigaciones Quimicas, Fac. Humanidades Educ., Univ. Zulia, Apartado 526, Maracaibo, Venezuela
Deans, J. D., O. M. Ali, et al. (1993). Rhizobial nodulation of Acacia tree species in Sudan: Soil inoculum potential and effects of peat. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 6(1): 56-64. {a} Inst. Terrestial Ecol., Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 OQB, UK
Duvallet, S., J. C. Fenyo, et al. (1993). The characterization of gum arabic from an experimental field of Ferlo (North Senegal). Food Hydrocolloids 7(4): 319-326. {a} Lab. Physiol. Cell., Signaux Regul., URA no 203 du CNRS, Univ. Rouen, SCUEOR, Fac. Sci., 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
Jamal, A. and L. Huntsinger (1993). Deterioration of a sustainable agro-silvo-pastoral system in the Sudan: The gum gardens of Kordofan. Agroforestry Systems 23(1): 23-38. {a} National Council Res., Khartoum, Sudan
Jurasek, P., M. Kosik, et al. (1993). The classification of natural gums: III. Acacia senegal and related species (gum arabic). Food Hydrocolloids 7(3): 255-280. {a} Slovak Technical Univ., Fac. Chem. Technol., Bratislava, Slovakia
Jurasek, P., M. Kosik, et al. (1993). A chemometric study of the Acacia (gum arabic) and related natural gums. Food Hydrocolloids 7(1): 73-85. {a} Slovak Technical Univ., Bratislava
Jurasek, P. and G. O. Phillips (1993). The classification of natural gums: IV. Identification and discrimination of Acacia, Combretum and Proposis gum exudates. Food Hydrocolloids 7(4): 337-352. {a} Slovak Techn. Univ., Fac. Chem. Technol., Bratislava, Slovenia
Komarkova, V. (1993). Vegetation type hierarchies and landform disturbance in arctic Alaska and alpine Colorado with emphasis on snowpatches. Vegetatio 106(2): 155-181. American Coll. Schiller, International Univ., CH-1854 Leysin, Switzerland
Lindstrom, K. and H. H. Zahran (1993). Lipopolysaccharide patterns in SDS-PAGE of rhizobia that nodulate leguminous trees. FEMS Federation of European Microbiological Societies Microbiology Letters 107(2-3): 327-330. {a} Dep. Applied Chemistry Microbiology, Division Microbiology, PB 27, SF-00014 University Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Osman, M. E., A. R. Menzies, et al. (1993). The molecular characterisation of the polysaccharide gum from Acacia senegal. Carbohydrate Research 246: 303-318. {a} Polymer Colloid Chem. Group, North East Wales Inst., Connah's Quay, Deeside, Clwyd CH5 4BR, UK
Osman, M. E., P. A. Williams, et al. (1993). Characterization of commercial samples of gum arabic. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 41(1): 71-77. {a} Polymer and Colloid Chem. Group, North East Wales Inst., Connah's Quay, Deeside, Clwyd CH5 4BR, UK
Suttiprasit, P., M. K. Al, et al. (1993). On evaluating the emulsifying properties of protein using conductivity measurements. Food Hydrocolloids 7(3): 241-253. {a} Dep. Food Sci. and Technol., Oreg. State Univ., Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
Black, R. A. and H. F. M. El (1992). Presowing treatments of Acacia senegal seed: Germination and growth. Tropical Agriculture 69(1): 15-20.
Danthu, P., J. M. Leblanc, et al. (1992). Vegetative propagation studies of gum arabic trees: 2. The vegetative propagation of adult Acacia senegal. Agroforestry Systems 19(1): 15-25.
Danthu, P., J. Roussel, et al. (1992). Effect of different pretreatments on the germination of Acacia senegal seeds. Seed Science And Technology 20(1): 111-117.
Hayashi, I. (1992). A preliminary report of an experiment on vegetation recovery of drought deciduous woodland in Kitui, Kenya. African Journal Of Ecology 30(1): 1-9.
Miettinen, P., M. Karsisto, et al. (1992). Nodulation of nine nitrogen-fixing tree species grown in central Sudan. Forest Ecology And Management 48(1-2): 107-119.
Mugedo, J. Z. A. and P. G. Waterman (1992). Sources of tannin: Alternatives to wattle (Acacia mearnsii) among indigenous Kenyan species. Economic Botany 46(1): 55-63.
Playford, J., R. Appels, et al. (1992). The 5S DNA units of Acacia species (Mimosaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 183(3-4): 235-247. {a} Molecular Evolution Systematics Group, Australian National Univ., Research Sch. Biol. Sci., P.O. Box 475, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Umoh, B. I. and S. A. D. Halilu (1992). Effect of concentrate supplementation to browsing on performance of growing rams in a semi-arid environment. Small Ruminant Research 9(2): 173-180. {a} University Cross River State, Dep. Animal Sci., Okuku Campus, Ogoja, Cross River State, Nigeria
Zhang, X., M. Karsisto, et al. (1992). Assessment of the competitiveness of fast-growing rhizobia infecting Acacia senegal using antibiotic resistance and melanin production as identification markers. World Journal Of Microbiology & Biotechnology 8(2): 199-205.
Anderson, D. M. W., J. R. A. Millar, et al. (1991). Gum arabic (Acacia senegal): Unambiguous identification by carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy as an adjunct to the revised JECFA Specification, and the application of carbon-13 NMR spectra for regulatory/legislative purposes. Food Additives And Contaminants 8(4): 405-422.
Anderson, D. M. W., J. R. A. Millar, et al. (1991). Gum arabic (Acacia senegal) from Niger: Comparison other sources and potential agroforestry development. Biochemical Systematics And Ecology 19(6): 447-452.
Anderson, D. M. W., A. Stefani, et al. (1991). Combretum nigricans gum: Its unusual structure/properties and differences from gum arabic (Acacia senegal). International Tree Crops Journal 6(4): 275-286.
Anderson, D. M. W. and W. Weiping (1991). Acacia seyal and Acacia sieberana: Sources of commercial gum talha in Niger and Uganda. International Tree Crops Journal 7(1-2): 29-40.
Anderson, D. M. W. and W. Weiping (1991). The characterization of gum arabic (Acacia senegal) samples from Uganda. Food Hydrocolloids 5(3): 297-306.
Badji, S., I. Ndiaye, et al. (1991). Vegetative propagation studies of gum arabic trees: 1. Propagation of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. using lignified cuttings of small diameter with eight nodes. Agroforestry Systems 14(3): 183-192.
Ben, S. R. (1991). Successional patterns of woody plants in catchment areas in a semi-arid region. Vegetatio 93(1): 19-28.
Gayoso, A. J. and A. A. Iroume (1991). A method for assessing the fragility of forest lands. Medio Ambiente 11(2): 13-24. Fac. Ciencias Forestales, Univ. Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
Joly, H. I. (1991). Acacia albida or Faidherbia albida? Taxonomy: The potentiality of isoenzymatic electrophoresis. Bois Et Forets Des Tropiques(230): 33-37.
Qi, W., C. Fong, et al. (1991). Gum arabic glycoprotein is a twisted hairy rope: A new model based on O-galactosylhydroxyproline as the polysaccharide attachment site. Plant Physiology 96(3): 848-855.
Vogt, G. F. and B. Palma (1991). Influence of some sterilizing agents on the imbibition aptitude of the Acacia senegal seeds. Phyton Horn 31(1): 97-109. {a} Univ. Aix-Marseille III, Cent. Sci. St. Jerome, Lab. Morphogenese Vegetale, Case 442, Av. Normandie Niemen, F-13397 Marseille Cedex 13, France
Zhang, X., R. Harper, et al. (1991). Diversity of Rhizobium bacteria isolated from the root nodules of leguminous trees. International Journal Of Systematic Bacteriology 41(1): 104-113.
Anderson, D. M. W., D. M. B. Douglas, et al. (1990). Specifications for gum arabic (Acacia senegal): Analytical data for samples collected between 1904 and 1989. Food Additives And Contaminants 7(3): 303-322.
Anderson, D. M. W. and N. A. Morrison (1990). The identification of Combretum gums which are not permitted food additives: II. Food Additives And Contaminants 7(2): 181-188.
Anderson, D. M. W. and W. Weiping (1990). Acacia gum exudates from Somalia and Tanzania: The Acacia senegal complex. Biochemical Systematics And Ecology 18(6): 413-418.
Anderson, D. M. W. and W. Weiping (1990). The characterization of Acacia paolii gum and four commercial Acacia gums from Kenya. Food Hydrocolloids 3(6): 475-484.
Deeble, D. J., R. C. Randall, et al. (1990). The treatment of aqueous gum arabic solutions with UV radiation. Food Hydrocolloids 4(4): 313-322.
Joseleau, J. P. and G. Ullmann (1990). Biochemical evidence for the site of formation of gum arabic in Acacia senegal. Phytochemistry 29(11): 3401-3406.
Ruess, R. W. and F. L. Halter (1990). The impact of large herbivores on the Seronera woodlands, Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. African Journal Of Ecology 28(4): 259-275.
Sharma, S. K. and V. Shankar (1990). Gradient analysis of the catchment vegetation of Kailana in the Thar Desert, India. Tropical Ecology 31(2): 104-111.
Stuth, J. W. and P. N. Kamau (1990). Influence of woody plant cover on dietary selection by goats in an Acacia senegal savanna of East Africa. Small Ruminant Research 3(3): 211-226.
Williams, P. A., G. O. Phillips, et al. (1990). Spectroscopic and molecular comparisons of three fractions from Acacia senegal gum. Food Hydrocolloids 4(4): 305-312.
Anderson, D. M. W. and N. A. Morrison (1989). The characterization of four proteinaceous Acacia gums which are not permitted food additives. Food Hydrocolloids 3(1): 57-64.
Cazet, M. (1989). Dense line planting on degraded sandy soils in the central-northern area of Senegal: Behavior of some local and imported species and their effect on adjacent crops. Bois Et Forets Des Tropiques(222): 27-37.
Dickinson, E., D. J. Elverson, et al. (1989). On the film-forming and emulsion-stabilizing properties of gum arabic: Dilution and flocculation aspects. Food Hydrocolloids 3(2): 101-114.
Randall, R. C., G. O. Phillips, et al. (1989). Fractionation and characterization of gum from Acacia senegal. Food Hydrocolloids 3(1): 65-76.
Rastogi, A. and S. Chand (1989). Characterization and application of a new aqueous two phase system based on gum acacia (ex. Acacia senegal), a naturally occurring polysaccharide, and polyethylene glycol. Biotechnology Techniques 3(1): 33-38.
Sharma, B. D. and I. C. Gupta (1989). Effect of tree cover on soil fertility in Western Rajasthan (India). Indian Forester 115(5): 348-354.
Anderson, D. M. W. and D. M. B. Douglas (1988). The composition of the proteinaceous gums exuded by some Leucaena species, subspecies and hybrids. Food Hydrocolloids 2(3): 247-254.
Anderson, D. M. W. and X. S. Yin (1988). The amino acid composition and quantitative sugar-amino acid relationships in sequential Smith-degradation products from talha gum (Acacia seyal Del.). Food Additives And Contaminants 5(1): 1-8.
Connolly, S., J. C. Fenyo, et al. (1988). Effect of a proteinase on the macromolecular distribution of Acacia senegal gum. Carbohydrate Polymers 8(1): 23-32.
Miettinen, P., O. Luukkanen, et al. (1988). Rhizobium nodulation in Prosopis juliflora seedings at different irrigation levels in eastern Kenya. Plant And Soil 112(2): 233-238.
Anderson, D. M. W. and F. J. McDougall (1987). Degradative studies of highly proteinaceous Acacia gum exudates. Food Additives And Contaminants 4(3): 257-266.
Anderson, D. M. W. and F. J. McDougall (1987). Degradative studies of gum arabic (Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.) with special reference to the fate of the amino acids present. Food Additives And Contaminants 4(3): 247-256.
Anderson, D. M. W. and F. J. McDougall (1987). The amino acid composition and quantitative sugar-amino acid relationships in sequential Smith-degradation products from gum arabic (Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.). Food Additives And Contaminants 4(2): 125-132.
Anderson, D. M. W. (1986). Nitrogen conversion factors for the proteinaceous content of gums permitted as food additives. Food Additives And Contaminants 3(3): 231-234.
Anderson, D. M. W., P. C. Bell, et al. (1986). The identification of Combretum gum exudates which are not permitted food additives. Food Additives And Contaminants 3(4): 305-312.
Balogun, A. M. and B. L. Fetuga (1986). Chemical composition of some underexploited leguminous crop seeds in Nigeria. Journal Of Agricultural And Food Chemistry 34(2): 189-192.
Defaye, J. and E. Wong (1986). Structural studies of gum arabic, the exudate polysaccharide from Acacia senegal. Carbohydrate Research 150: 221-232.
Hustache, G., F. Barnoud, et al. (1986). Callus formation and induction of a cell suspension culture from Acacia senegal. Plant Cell Reports 5(5): 365-367.
Ahuja, L. D., S. K. Sharma, et al. (1985). Contribution of grass component (ground storey) in afforested areas in arid regions. Indian Forester 111(7): 542-548.
Anderson, D. M. W., J. F. Howlett, et al. (1985). The amino acid composition of gum exudates from Prosopis spp. Phytochemistry 24(11): 2718-2720.
Ullmann, I. (1985). Diurnal courses of transpiration and stomatal conductance of sahelian and Saharan acacias in the dry season. Flora 176(5-6): 383-409.
Banerji, R., A. R. Chowdhury, et al. (1959). Chemical composition of Acacia seeds. Journal Of The American Oil Chemists' Society 65(12): 1959-1960.
Bhatt, J. R. and H. Y. M. Ram (1247). Ethephon-induced gum production in Acacia senegal and its potential value in the semi-arid regions of India. Current Science 59(23): 1247-1250.
Anderson, D. M. W. and W. Weiping (1193). Composition of the gum from Combretum paniculatum and four other gums which are not permitted food additives. Phytochemistry 29(4): 1193-1196.
Index of botanical names:
Index of common names:
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Contact: Dr Rob Fletcher, School of Agriculture and Horticulture, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343; Telephone: 07 5460 1311 or 07 5460 1301; Facsimile: 07 5460 1112; International facsimile: 61 7 5460 1112; Email:
r.fletcher@mailbox.uq.edu.au[
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