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Lockett, C. T., C. C. Calvert, et al. (2000). Energy and micronutrient composition of dietary and medicinal wild plants consumed during drought. Study of rural Fulani, Northeastern Nigeria. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition. [print] May 51(3): 195-208. {a} Department of Nutrition, University of California, 1 Peter J. Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

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Leakey, R. R. B. (1999). Potential for novel food products from agroforestry trees: A review. Food Chemistry. July 66(1): 1-14. {a} Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UK

Tengecho, B. and B. M. Khaemba (1999). Effects of diet change on the reproductive parameters of the cotton stainers Dysdercus cardinalis and D. fasciatus (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae). Insect Science and its Application. July Sept 18(3): 211-215. {a} Zoology Department, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya

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Cook, J. A., D. J. Vanderjagt, et al. (1998). Use of the trolox assay to estimate the antioxidant content of seventeen edible wild plants of Niger. Life Sciences 63(2): 105-110. {a} Dep. Biochem. Mol. Biol., Room 249 BMSB, Univ. New Mexico Sch. Med., Albuquerque, NM 87131-5221, USA

Ezeagu, I. E., K. J. Petzke, et al. (1998). Fat content and fatty acid composition of oils extracted from selected wild-gathered tropical plant seeds from Nigeria. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 75(8): 1031-1035. {a} Deutsches Inst. Ernaehrungsforschung, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, D-14558 Bergholz-Rehbruecke, Germany

Ganaba, S., J. M. Ouadba, et al. (1998). Fuelwood in the Sahelian region of Burkina Faso: Ethnic preferences. Secheresse Montrouge 9(4): 261-268. {a} Departement Productions forestieres, INERA, CRREA du Sahel, Dori, Burkina-Faso

Proll, J., K. J. Petzke, et al. (1998). Low nutritional quality of unconventional tropical crop seeds in rats. Journal of Nutrition 128(11): 2014-2022. {a} Dep. Biochem. Physiol. Nutr., Ger. Inst. Hum. Nutr., D-14558 Bergholz-Rehbruecke, Germany

Sena, L. P., D. J. Vanderjagt, et al. (1998). Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition Dordrecht 52(1): 17-30. {a} Dep. Biochem. Mol. Biol., Univ. New Mexico Sch. Med., Albuquerque, NM 87131-5221, USA

Toure, S. F., D. B. Michalet, et al. (1998). Occurrence of digestive interactions in tree forage-based diets for sheep. Animal Feed Science and Technology 74(1): 63-78. {a} ISRA-LNERV BP 2057, Dakar, Senegal

Unnithan, S. and G. V. K. Unnithan (1998). Breeding of southern jungle myna Acridotheres fuscus mahrattensis (Sykes) at Karanja. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 95(2): 346. Bombay Nat. Hist. Society, Hornbill House, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Road, Mumbai 400 023, India

Butswat, I. S., F. N. Nelson, et al. (1997). Utilization of baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) leaf-meal for egg yolk pigmentation in layers. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 67(1): 82-83. {a} App, ATBU, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria

Delisle, H., S. Bakari, et al. (1997). Provitamin A content of traditional green leaves from Niger. Cahiers Agricultures 6(6): 553-560. {a} Dep. Nutr., Fac. Med., Univ. Montreal, CP 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada

Glew, R. H., D. J. Vanderjagt, et al. (1997). Amino acid, fatty acid, and mineral composition of 24 indigenous plants of Burkina Faso. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 10(3): 205-217. {a} Dep. Biochem., Sch. Med., Univ. N.M., Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA

Igboeli, L. C., E. O. H. Addy, et al. (1997). Effects of some processing techniques on the antinutrient contents of baobab seeds (Adansonia digitata). Bioresource Technology 59(1): 29-31. {a} Dep. Food Sci. Technol., Enugu State Univ. Sci. Technol., P.M.B. 01660, Enugu, Nigeria

Bruzzone, V. T. (1996). The Baobab tree between science and superstition. Informatore Botanico Italiano 28(1): 44-47. {a} Dip. Filosofia Univ., Dakar, Senegal

Du, P. B. (1996). The baobabs of Madagascar. Curtis's Botanical Magazine 13(2): 86-95. Univ. Kent, Canterbury, UK

Eteshola, E. and A. C. I. Oraedu (1996). Fatty acid compositions of tigernut tubers (Cyperus esculentus L.), baobab seeds (Adansonia digitata L.), and their mixture. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 73(2): 255-257. {a} Dep. Biomedical Engineering, TECHNICON, Technicon City, Haifa 32 00, Israel

Nordeide, M. B., A. Hatloy, et al. (1996). Nutrient composition and nutritional importance of green leaves and wild food resources in an agricultural district, Koutiala, in southern Mali. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 47(6): 455-468. {a} Nordic Sch. Nutr., Univ. Oslo, PO Box 1046, N-0316 Oslo, Norway

Smith, G. C., M. S. Clegg, et al. (1996). Mineral values of selected plant foods common to southern Burkina Faso and to Niamey, Niger, West Africa. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 47(1): 41-53. {a} Graduate Group Geography, Univ. California, Davis, CA 95616, USA

Addy, E. O. H., L. I. Salami, et al. (1995). Effect of processing on nutrient composition and anti-nutritive substances of African locust bean (Parkia filicoidea) and baobab seed (Adansonia digitata). Plant Foods for Human Nutrition Dordrecht 48(2): 113-117. {a} Dep. Biochemistry, Coll. Med. Sciences, Univ. Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

Baum, D. A. (1995). The comparative pollination and floral biology of baobabs (Adansonia-Bombacaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 82(2): 322-348. Dep. Org. Evol. Biol., Harvard Univ., 22 Divinity Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

Danthu, P., J. Roussel, et al. (1995). Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) seed pretreatments for germination improvement. Seed Science and Technology 23(2): 469-475. {a} Inst. Senegalais Rech. Agricole, Direction Rech. Productions For., BP 2312, Dakar, Senegal

Locher, C. P., M. T. Burch, et al. (1995). Anti-microbial activity and anti-complement activity of extracts obtained from selected Hawaiian medicinal plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 49(1): 23-32. {a} Cancer Res. Inst., S-1280, Univ. California San Francisco, Sch. Med., San Francisco, CA 943143-0218, USA

Barnes, R. F. W., K. L. Barnes, et al. (1994). The long-term impact of elephant browsing on baobab trees at Msembe, Ruaha National Park, Tanzania. African Journal of Ecology 32(3): 177-184. {a} Dep. Biol. 0016, Univ. Calif. San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0016, USA

Baum, D. A. and K. Oginuma (1994). A review of chromosome numbers in Bombacaceae with new counts for Adansonia. Taxon 43(1): 11-20. {a} Dep. Botany, Univ. Wis., Madison, WI 53706, USA

Baumer, M. (1994). Forest parks or parklands? Bois et Forets des Tropiques(240): 53-68. 446 rue de la Combe Caude, F-34090 Montpellier, France

Obizoba, I. C. and J. U. Anyika (1994). Nutritive value of baobab milk (gubdi) and mixtures of baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) and hungry rice, acha (Digitaria exilis) flours. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition Dordrecht 46(2): 157-165. Dep. Home Sci. Nutr., Univ. Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

Ramadan, A., F. M. Harraz, et al. (1994). Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects of the fruit pulp of Adansonia digitata. Fitoterapia 65(5): 418-422. Dep. Vet. Med., Coll. Agric. and Vet. Med., King Saud Univ., Qassim, Buriedah P.O. Box 1482, Saudi Arabia

Rashford, J. (1994). Africa's Baobab tree: Why monkey names? Journal of Ethnobiology 14(2): 173-183. Dep. Sociology Anthropol., College Charleston, Charleston, SC 29424, USA

Saka, J. D. K. and J. D. Msonthi (1994). Nutritional value of edible fruits of indigenous wild trees in Malawi. Forest Ecology and Management 64(2-3): 245-248. {a} Dep. Chemistry, Chancellor Coll., Univ. Malwai, P.O. Box 280, Zomba, Malawi

Yazzie, D., D. J. Vanderjagt, et al. (1994). The Amino Acid and Mineral Content of Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) Leaves. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 7(3): 189-193. {a} Dep. Biochem., Sch. Med., Univ. New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA

Belsky, A. J., S. M. Mwonga, et al. (1993). Comparative effects of isolated trees on their undercanopy environments in high- and low-rainfall savannas. Journal of Applied Ecology 30(1): 143-155. {a} Centre Environment, Hollister Hall, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA

Belsky, A. J., S. M. Mwonga, et al. (1993). Effects of widely spaced trees and livestock grazing on understory environments in tropical savannas. Agroforestry Systems 24(1): 1-20. {a} Oregon Natural Resources Council, Suite 1050, 522 SW 5th Ave., Portland, OR 97204, USA

Prentice, A., M. A. Laskey, et al. (1993). The calcium and phosphorus intakes of rural Gambian women during pregnancy and lactation. British Journal of Nutrition 69(3): 885-896. {a} Med. Res. Council Dunn Nutrition Unit, Downhams Lane, Milton Rd., Cambridge CB4 1XJ, UK

Sharma, N. K. (1993). Additions to the flora of Jhalawar District (S.E. Rajasthan)-I. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 17(3): 623-626. Dep. Botany, Govt. Coll., Jhalawar-326001, India

Swanepoel, C. M. (1993). Baobab damage in Mana Pools National Park, Zimbabwe. African Journal of Ecology 31(3): 220-225. Dep. Natl. Parks Wildlife Management, Zambezi Valley, Res. Unit, Private Bag 2061, Karoi, Zimbabwe

Belsky, A. J. (1992). Effects of trees on nutritional quality of understory gramineous forage in tropical savannas. Tropical Grasslands 26(1): 12-20. Ecosystems Res. Cent., 105 Wing Hall, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, N.Y. 14853, USA

Fuessel, J. (1992). Adoption of agroclimatograms for assisting species selection in the tropics. Agroforestry Systems 17(2): 87-96.

Eromosele, I. C., C. O. Eromosele, et al. (1991). Evaluation of mineral elements and ascorbic acid contents in fruits of some wild plants. Plant Foods For Human Nutrition 41(2): 151-154.

Esenowo, G. J. (1991). Studies on germination of Adansonia digitata seeds. Journal Of Agricultural Science 117(1): 81-84.

Some, L. M., H. Sary, et al. (1990). Conserving in cold room pretreated seeds of six Sahelo-Sudanese species. Bois Et Forets Des Tropiques(225): 42-46.

Bermejo, M., G. Illera, et al. (1989). New observations on the tool-behavior of chimpanzees from Mt. Assirik (Senegal, West Africa). Primates 30(1): 65-74.

Gaiwe, R., N. T. Nkulinkiye, et al. (1989). Calcium and mucilage in the leaves of Adansonia digitata (baobab). International Journal Of Crude Drug Research 27(2): 101-104.

Arama, E., P. Michuad, et al. (1988). A new excipient in the pharmaceutical formulation of theophylline tablets, hydrophile matrix type: The pulp of the baobab fruit (Adansonia digitata L.). Farmaco Edizione Pratica 43(10): 303-316.

Diop, P. A., D. Franck, et al. (1988). High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of vitamin C in fresh fruits from West Africa. Journal Of Food Composition And Analysis 1(3): 265-269.

Wilson, R. T. (1988). Vital statistics of the baobab (Adansonia digitata). African Journal Of Ecology 26(3): 197-206.

Dan, S. and S. S. Dan (1986). Phytochemical study of Adansonia digitata, Coccoloba excoriata, Psychotria adenophylla and Schleichera oleosa. Fitoterapia 57(6): 445-446.

Etejere, E. O., O. T. Mustapha, et al. (1986). Aspects of the metabolism of Adansonia digitata L. Pakistan Journal Of Botany 18(2): 213-220.

Barnes, R. F. W. (1985). Woodland changes in Ruaha National Park (Tanzania) between 1976 and 1982. African Journal Of Ecology 23(4): 215-222.

Weyerhaeuser, F. J. (1985). Survey of elephant damage to baobabs (Adansonia digitata) in Tanzania's Lake Manyara National Park. African Journal Of Ecology 23(4): 235-244.

Etejere, E. O. and D. A. Osatimehin (1984). Some aspects of growth of Adansonia digitata. Indian Journal Of Plant Physiology 27(1): 190-200.

Vanden, B. C. (1984). Observations on the vegetation of the Kalounayes forest (Casamance, southern Senegal). Bulletin De La Societe Royale De Botanique De Belgique 117(2): 359-381.

Belsky, A. J., R. G. Amundson, et al. (1005). The effects of trees on their physical, chemical, and biological environments in a semi-arid savanna in Kenya. Journal Of Applied Ecology 26(3): 1005-1024.

Bhat, R. B. Leaf Architecture and its Dynamics in the Bombacaceae. Beitraege zur Biologie der Pflanzen 68(2): 169-179. Dep. Botany, Univ. Transkei, Private Bag XI, Umtata, South Africa