
Listing of Useful Plants of the World
NOTICE: Information on the background to this Listing is available. The analysis of numbers of papers/mentions over time was completed in 1997, using the Agricola database (1970-1996). Hard copies of the Listing (553 pages; over 4200 new crops listed with the analyses of numbers of papers over time included) are available from the publisher, Dr Rob Fletcher; see Advice on Publications Available.
The references listed below are from the Biological Abstracts database (1988-2000) and are courtesy of SilverPlatter Information. For more information re Silverplatter, go to www.silverplatter.com.
Momordica charantia
Analysis of numbers of papers/mentions over time
(Agricola database 1970-1996):|
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Source: AGRICOLA database (1970-1996)
Common Name(s):
bitter gourd syn balsam pear syn karela syn bitter melon syn balsaminoReferences
(Biological Abstracts 1988-2000):[These references are from the Biological Abstracts database and are courtesy of SilverPlatter Information. For more information re SilverPlatter, go to
www.silverplatter.com. References are listed alphabetically by author within years, with most recent references first; addresses of author(s) have been included when available. To search within this page, we suggest using Find in Page, within the Edit menu of the Web Browser.]Abe, M. and K. Matsuda (2000). Feeding deterrents from Momordica charantia leaves to cucurbitaceous feeding beetle species. Applied Entomology and Zoology. Feb. 35(1): 143-149. {a} Laboratory of Insect Science and Bioregulation, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai, 981-8555, Japan
Begum, H. A. and A. Momin (2000). Comparison between two detection techniques of seed-borne pathogens in cucurbits in Bangladesh. Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research. [print] August 43(4): 244-248. {a} Gatton College, University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, 4345, Australia
Fong, W. P., W. Y. Mock, et al. (2000). Intrinsic ribonuclease activities in ribonuclease and ribosome-inactivating proteins from the seeds of bitter gourd. International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology. May 32(5): 571-577. {a} Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
Gurbuz, I., C. Akyuz, et al. (2000). Anti-ulcerogenic effect of Momordica charantia L. fruits on various ulcer models in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. [print] July 71(1-2): 77-82. {a} Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Hipodrom, Ankara, 06330, Turkey
Hang, Y. y., Y. f. Zhou, et al. (2000). Pharmacological experiments of freeze-dried powder of balsam pear (Momordica charantia L.) on lowering the blood glucose level to mice and its acute toxicity. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment. [print] July 9(3): 19-21. {a} Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
Jayasooriya, A. P., M. Sakono, et al. (2000). Effects of Momordica charantia powder on serum glucose levels and various lipid parameters in rats fed with cholesterol-free and cholesterol-enriched diets. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. [print] September 72(1-2): 331-336. {a} Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
Kamei, K., S. i. Sato, et al. (2000). Effect of P2' site tryptophan and P20' site deletion of Momordica charantia trypsin inhibitor II on inhibition of proteinases. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. [print] 14: 1-2. {a} Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
Lee, H. S., P. L. Huang, et al. (2000). Inhibition of MDA-MB-231 human breast tumor xenografts and HER2 expression by anti-tumor agents GAP31 and MAP30. Anticancer Research. [print] March April 20(2a): 653-660. {a} NCI-FCRDC, SAIC-Frederick, Building 567, Room 210, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
Montano, H. G., R. E. Davis, et al. (2000). Identification and phylogenetic analysis of a new phytoplasma from diseased chayote in Brazil. Plant Disease. April 84(4): 429-436. {a} Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
Munoz, V., M. Sauvain, et al. (2000). The search for natural bioactive compounds through a multidisciplinary approach in Bolivia. Part II. Antimalarial activity of some plants used by Mosetene indians. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Feb. 69(2): 139-155. {a} Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD), CP 9214, La Paz, Bolivia
Numata, T., T. Kashiba, et al. (2000). Expression and mutational analysis of amino acid residues involved in catalytic activity in a ribonuclease MC1 from the seeds of bitter gourd. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry. [print] March 64(3): 603-605. {a} Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Genetic Resources Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
Sato, S. i., K. Kamei, et al. (2000). Cloning and expression of the Momordica charantia trypsin inhibitor II gene in silkworm by using a baculovirus vector. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry. Feb. 64(2): 393-398. {a} Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
Scartezzini, P. and E. Speroni (2000). Review on some plants of Indian traditional medicine with antioxidant activity. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. [print] July 71(1-2): 23-43. {a} Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
Sitasawad, S. L., Y. Shewade, et al. (2000). Role of bittergourd fruit juice in stz-induced diabetic state in vivo and in vitro. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. [print] November 73(1-2): 71-79. {a} National Centre for Cell Science, University of Pune Campus, Ganeshkind Road, Pune, 411 007, India
Suzuki, A., M. Yao, et al. (2000). Crystal structures of the ribonuclease MC1 from bitter gourd seeds, complexed with 2'-UMP or 3'-UMP, reveal structural basis for uridine specificity. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. [print] August 275(2): 572-576. {a} Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
Cahoon, E. B., T. J. Carlson, et al. (1999). Biosynthetic origin of conjugated double bonds: Production of fatty acid components of high-value drying oils in transgenic soybean embryos. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Oct. 96(22): 12935-12940. {a} Experimental Station, DuPont Agricultural Products, Wilmington, DE, 19880-0402, USA
Dhar, P., S. Ghosh, et al. (1999). Dietary effects of conjugated octadecatrienoic fatty acid (9 cis, 11 trans, 13 trans) levels on blood lipids and nonenzymatic in vitro lipid peroxidation in rats. Lipids 34(2): 109-114. {a} Department of Chemical Technology, Calcutta University, University Colleges of Science and Technology, 92, A.P.C. Road, Calcutta, WB, 700009, India
Farooq, M., R. K. Hans, et al. (1999). Health hazard from dry river bed agriculture. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. May 62(5): 555-562. {a} Department of Chemistry, Cogswell Laboratory, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
Hossain, M. S. and B. R. Banik (1999). Physiological studies on the pathogen Phytophthora nicotianae var. nicotianae: Causing fruit rot of brinjal. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. Dec. 33(4): 274-280. {a} RARS, Jamalpur, 2000, Bangladesh
Huang, B., T. B. Ng, et al. (1999). Isolation of a trypsin inhibitor with deletion of N-terminal pentapeptide from the seeds of Momordica cochinchinensis, the Chinese drug mubiezhi. International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology. June 31(6): 707-715. {a} Department of Biochemistry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Huong, T. T. L. and L. C. Raymundo (1999). Biosynthesis of carotenoids in bittermelon at high temperature. Phytochemistry Oxford. Sept. 52(2): 275-280. {a} Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Banos, College, Laguna, Philippines
Kar, A., B. K. Choudhary, et al. (1999). Preliminary studies on the inorganic constituents of some indigenous hypoglycaemic herbs on oral glucose tolerance test. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 64(2): 179-184. {a} Satsang Herbal Research and Analytical Laboratories, Satsang, Deoghar, 814116, India
Kuo, Y. C., C. M. Sun, et al. (1999). Blocking of cell proliferation, cytokines production and genes expression following administration of Chinese herbs in the human mesangial cells. Life Sciences. April 64(23): 2089-2099. {a} Laboratory of Immunology, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, No. 155-1, Sec. 2, Li-Nung St., Shih-Pai, Rm.912, Taipei, Taiwan, China
Li, S., B. Zhang, et al. (1999). Momordica charantia proteins against coxsackievirus B3 infection in vitro. Hunan Yike Daxue Xuebao. Dec. 24(6): 583-584.
Nakagawa, A., I. Tanaka, et al. (1999). Crystal structure of a ribonuclease from the seeds of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) at 1.75 ANG resolution. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Aug. 17: 1-2. {a} Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
Padma, P., S. S. Komath, et al. (1999). Purification in high yield and characterisation of a new galactose-specific lectin from the seeds of Trichosanthes cucumerina. Phytochemistry Oxford 50(3): 363-371. {a} Sch. Chem., Univ. Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
Ram, D., G. Kalloo, et al. (1999). Combining ability of quantitative characters in bittergourd (Momordica charantia). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. Feb. 69(2): 122-125. {a} Project Directorate of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, UP, 221 005, India
Ramani, N. and M. A. Haq (1999). Oribatid mites from weeds-1. A new species of Zygoribatula Berlese, 1916 from Chromolaena odorata. Entomon . March 24(1): 15-19. {a} Division of Acarology, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Calicut, KER, 673635, India
Rana, T. S., K. K. Singh, et al. (1999). Studies on indigenous herbal remedies for diabetes mellitus in India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany. Sept. 23(1): 115-120. {a} Taxonomy and Biodiversity Division, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226 001, India
Schreiber, C. A., L. Wan, et al. (1999). The antiviral agents, MAP30 and GAP31, are not toxic to human spermatozoa and may be useful in preventing the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Fertility and Sterility. Oct. 72(4): 686-690. {a} Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY, USA
Tan, X. p., Y. Ueda, et al. (1999). Changes in pigments in pulp and aril of Balsam pear (Momordica charantia L.) fruit during development and storage. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science. March 68(3): 683-688. {a} College of Agriculture, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
Tang, L., X. Gou, et al. (1999). In vitro clonal propagation of Balsam pear (Momordica charantia L.). Sichuan Daxue Xuebao Ziran Kexueban. Feb. 36(1): 144-147. {a} Department of Biology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
Tse, P. M. F., T. B. Ng, et al. (1999). New ribosome-inactivating proteins from seeds and fruits of the bitter gourd Momordica charantia. International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology. Sept. 31(9): 895-901. {a} Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
Valbonesi, P., L. Barbieri, et al. (1999). Preparation of highly purified momordin II without ribonuclease activity. Life Sciences. Aug. 65(14): 1485-1491. {a} Dipartimento di Patologia Sperimentale, Via San Giacomo 14, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
Vayssieres, J. F. and Y. Carel (1999). Cucurbits insected by Dacini (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Reunion: A list of host-plants with stages of fruits susceptibility to stinging by females for cultivated species. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France. [print] Dec 35(Suppl): 197-202. {a} Laboratoire d'Entomologie, Station de Ligne Paradis, CIRAD, F - 97455, St-Pierre, Reunion
Yesilada, E., I. Gurbuz, et al. (1999). Screening of Turkish anti-ulcerogenic folk remedies for anti-Helicobacter pylori activity. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Sept. 66(3): 289-293. {a} Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Hipodrom, 06330, Ankara, Turkey
Zheng, Y. T. and K. L. Ben (1999). Alpha-momorcharin inhibits HIV-1 replication in acutely but not chronically infected T-lymphocytes. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. March 20(3): 239-243. {a} Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
Zhu, Y., Q. Huang, et al. (1999). Crystal structure of the complex formed between bovine beta-trypsin and MCTI-A, a trypsin inhibitor of squash family, at 1.8-ANG resolution. Journal of Protein Chemistry. [print] July 18(5): 505-509. {a} Department of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
Ahmed, I., E. Adeghate, et al. (1998). Effects of Momordica charantia fruit juice on islet morphology in the pancreas of the streptozotocin-diabetic rat. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 40(3): 145-151. {a} Dep. Hum. Anat., Fac. Med. Health Sci., United Arab Emirates Univ., P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab, United Arab Emirates
Dhar, P. and D. K. Bhattacharyya (1998). Nutritional characteristics of oil containing conjugated octadecatrienoic fatty acid. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 42(5): 290-296. {a} Dep. Chem. Technol., Calcutta Univ., Univ. Coll. Sci. Technol., 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Calcutta 700 009, India
Direkbusarakom, S., Y. Ezura, et al. (1998). Efficacy of Thai traditional herb extracts against fish and shrimp pathogenic bacteria. Fish Pathology 33(4): 437-441. {a} Natl. Inst. Coastal Aquaculture, Songkhla 90000, Thailand
Hwang, C. H., Y. S. Lin, et al. (1998). Seedling blight of bitter gourd-loofah graft caused by Alternaria alternata f. sp. cucurbitae and its control in Taiwan. Plant Protection Bulletin Taichung 40(2): 109-120. {a} Taichung District Agric. Improvement Stn., Changhua, Taiwan
Kusamran, W. R., A. Ratanavila, et al. (1998). Effects of neem flowers, Thai and Chinese bitter gourd fruits and sweet basil leaves on hepatic monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferase activities, and in vitro metabolic activation of chemical carcinogens in rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology 36(6): 475-484. {a} Biochem. Chem. Carcinogenesis Sect., Res. Div., Natl. Cancer Inst., Bangkok, Thailand
Lans, C. and G. Brown (1998). Observations on ethnoveterinary medicines in Trinidad and Tobago. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 35(2): 125-142. {a} 17 Cadiz Rd. Belmont, Port of Spain, Trinidad and, Trinidad and Tobago
Lin, Y. S., C. H. Hwang, et al. (1998). Resistance of bitter gourd-loofah grafts to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. momordicae and their yield. Plant Protection Bulletin Taichung 40(2): 121-132. {a} Dep. Plant Pathol., Natl. Chung Hsing Univ., Taichung, Taiwan
Lombello, R. A. and M. E. R. Forni (1998). Cytological studies in climbers of a Brazilian Forest Reserve. Cytologia Tokyo 63(4): 415-420. {a} Post-graduating in Vegetal Biology, IB/UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
Minami, Y., M. R. Islam, et al. (1998). Chemical modifications of momordin-a and luffin-a, ribosome-inactivating proteins from the seeds of Momordica charantia and Luffa cylindrica: Involvement of His140, Tyr165, and Lys231 in the protein-synthesis inhibitory activity. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry 62(5): 959-964. {a} Dep. Biochem. Sci. Technol., Fac. Agric., Kagoshima Univ., Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
Mishra, H. N., R. S. Mishra, et al. (1998). Diallel analysis for variability in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 68(1): 18-20. {a} Natl. Agric. Res. Project, Regional Res. Stn., OUAT, Semiliguda, Sunabeda 763 002, India
Naseem, M. Z., S. R. Patil, et al. (1998). Antispermatogenic and androgenic activities of Momordica charantia (Karela) in albino rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 61(1): 9-16. {a} Dep. Zool., Gulbarga Univ., Gulbarga 585 106, India
Ono, H., S. Tesaki, et al. (1998). 6-methylsulfinylhexyl isothiocyanate and its homologues as food-originated compounds with antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry 62(2): 363-365. {a} Skylark Food Sci. Inst., Chiba-shi, Chiba 261-01, Japan
Padma, P., S. S. Komath, et al. (1998). Fluorescence quenching and time-resolved fluorescence studies on Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) seed lectin. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology International 45(5): 911-920. {a} Sch. Chem., Univ. Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500 046, India
Rajendran, B. and M. Gopalan (1998). Screening and grading of brinjal (Solanum melongena) accessions for resistance to spotted beetle (Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 68(4): 224-225. {a} Sugarcane Res. Station, Tamil Nadu Agric. Univ., Cuddalore 607 001, India
Singh, A., S. P. Singh, et al. (1998). Momordica charantia (Bitter Gourd) peel, pulp, seed and whole fruit extract inhibits mouse skin papillomagenesis. Toxicology Letters Shannon 94(1): 37-46. {a} Thomas Jefferson Univ., Jefferson Alumni Hall, Room 461, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
Singh, A., S. P. Singh, et al. (1998). Postnatal efficacy of Momordica charantia peel, pulp, seed and whole fruit extract in the detoxication pathway of suckling neonates and lactating mice. Cancer Letters 122(1-2): 121-126. {a} Thomas Jefferson Univ., Jefferson Alumni Hall, Room 461, 1020 Locust St., Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
Su, P. H., T. H. Wu, et al. (1998). Root sugar level in luffa and bitter melon is not referential to their flooding tolerance. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica Taipei 39(3): 175-179. {a} Dep. Botany, Natl. Chung-Hsing Univ., Taichung 40227, Taiwan
Wang, H. and T. B. Ng (1998). Ribosome inactivating protein and lectin from bitter melon (Momordica charantia) seeds: Sequence comparison with related proteins. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 253(1): 143-146. {a} Dep. Microbiol., China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Wang, Q. M. and G. W. Zeng (1998). Study of specific protein on sex differentiation of Momordica charantia. Acta Botanica Sinica 40(3): 241-246. {a} Hortic. Dep., Zheijiang Agric. Univ., Hangzhou 310029, China
Yasui, H., A. Kato, et al. (1998). Antifeedants to armyworms, Spodoptera litura and Pseudaletia separata, from bitter gourd leaves, Momordica charantia. Journal of Chemical Ecology 24(5): 803-813. {a} Dep. Insect Physiol. Behav., Natl. Seric. Entomol. Sci., Minist. Agric. For. Fish., Ohwashi 1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
Zambenedetti, P., R. Giordano, et al. (1998). Histochemical localization of glycoconjugates on microglial cells in Alzheimer's disease brain samples by using Abrus precatorius, Maackia amurensis, Momordica charantia, and Sambucus nigra lectins. Experimental Neurology 153(1): 167-171. {a} CNR Cent. Metalloproteins, Univ. Padova, Via G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
Akihisa, T., Y. Kimura, et al. (1997). 7-Oxodihydrokarounidiol-3-benzoate and other triterpenes from the seeds of Cucurbitaceae. Phytochemistry Oxford 46(7): 1261-1266. {a} Coll. Science Technology, Nihon Univ., 1-8 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101, Japan
Begum, S., M. Ahmed, et al. (1997). Triterpenes, a sterol and a monocyclic alcohol from Momordica charantia. Phytochemistry Oxford 44(7): 1313-1320. {a} H.E.J. Res. Inst. Chem., Univ. Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
Carnicelli, D., M. Brigotti, et al. (1997). Cofactor requirement of ribosome-inactivating proteins from plants. Journal of Experimental Botany 48(313): 1519-1523. {a} Dip. Patol. Sperimentale, Univ. Bologna, Via San Giacomo 14, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
Chandravadana, M. V., E. S. J. Nidiry, et al. (1997). Antifungal activity of momordicines from Momordica charantia. Fitoterapia 68(4): 383-384. Indian Inst. Horticultural Res., Hessaraghatta Lake P.O., Bangalore-560 089, India
Cho, K. J., S. M. Lee, et al. (1997). Purification and properties of ribosome-inactivating proteins from the leaves of Cucurbita moschata Duchesne. Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology 40(5): 375-379. {a} Natl. Inst. Agric. Sci. Technol., RDA, Suwon 441-707, South Korea
Gou, X., L. Tang, et al. (1997). Culture of the mesophyll protoplasts of Momordica charantia. Sichuan Daxue Xuebao Ziran Kexueban 34(6): 857-859. Dep. Biol., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu, China
Leung, K. C., Z. Q. Meng, et al. (1997). Antigenic determination fragments of alpha-momorcharin. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1336(3): 419-424. {a} Dep. Biochem., Chinese Univ. Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
Liu, L., E. G. Hammond, et al. (1997). In vivo studies of the biosynthesis of alpha-eleostearic acid in the seed of Momordica charantia L. Plant Physiology Rockville 113(4): 1343-1349. {a} Dep. Food Sci. Human Nutr., Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
Mukherjee, P. K. and K. Raghu (1997). Trichoderma sp. as a microbial suppressive agent of Sclerotium rolfsii on vegetables. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 13(5): 497-499. {a} Nuclear Agric. Div., Bhabha Atomic Res. Center, Trombay, Mumbai-400 085, India
Ofuya, T. I. (1997). Effect of some plant extracts on two coccinellid predators of the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora (Hom.: Aphididae). Entomophaga 42(1-2): 277-282. Dep. Crop Prot., Fed. Univ. Technol., P.M.B. 704, Akure, Nigeria
Pearson, M. N. and A. D. S. Liyanage (1997). Records of cucurbit viruses infecting vegetable crops in Western Samoa. Australasian Plant Pathology 26(3): 188-191. {a} Sch. Biol. Sci., Univ. Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
Platel, K. and K. Srinivasan (1997). Plant foods in the management of Diabetes mellitus: Vegetables as potential hypoglycaemic agents. Nahrung 41(2): 68-74. {a} Dep. Biochem. Nutr., Cent. Food Technol. Res. Inst., Mysore 570 013, India
Qazi, S. H. A. and S. Hasnain (1997). Host range and host specificity spectrum of indigenous Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains from Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 29(2): 113-122. Dep. Botany, Univ. Punjab, Quadi-e-Azam Camus, Lahore-54590, Pakistan
Srivastava, U. S. and S. Neraliya (1997). Larvicidal activity of plant extracts on filaria mosquito, Culex quinquefasiatus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences India Section B Biological Sciences 67(2): 111-115. {a} Natl. Acad. Sci., 5 Lajpatrai Road, Allahabad-211002, India
Bains, S. S. and H. Singh (1996). Occurrence of Alternaria alternata in downy mildew lesions of cucurbits. Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology 26(1): 92-93. Punjab Agric. Univ., Regional Res. Stn., Gurdaspur 143 521, Punjab, India
Basaran, A. A., T. W. Yu, et al. (1996). An investigation of some Turkish herbal medicines in Salmonella typhimurium and in the COMET assay in human lymphocytes. Teratogenesis Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis 16(2): 125-138. {a} BIBRA International, Woodmansterne Road, Carshalton, Surrey SM5 4DS, UK
Bourinbaiar, A. S. and H. S. Lee (1996). The activity of plant-derived antiretroviral proteins MAP30 and GAP31 against herpes simplex virus infection in vitro. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 219(3): 923-929. {a} Dep. Biochem., New York Univ. Sch. Med., 550 First Ave., New York, NY 10016, USA
Chang, M. K., E. J. Conkerton, et al. (1996). Chinese melon (Momordica charantia L.) seed: Composition and potential use. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 73(2): 263-265. {a} USDA, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, LA 70179, USA
Fernandopulle, B. M. R., W. D. Ratnasooriya, et al. (1996). Evaluation of two cucurbits (Genus: Momordica) for gastroprotective and ulcer healing activity in rats. Medical Science Research 24(2): 85-88. {a} Dep. Pharamcology , Fac. Med., Univ. Colombo, PO Box 271, Colombo 8., Sri Lanka
Fong, W. P., Y. T. Poon, et al. (1996). A highly efficient procedure for purifying the ribosome-inactivating proteins alpha- and beta-momorcharins from Momordica charantia seeds, N-terminal sequence comparison and establishment of their N-glycosidase activity. Life Sciences 59(11): 901-909. {a} Dep. Biochem., Chinese Univ. Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
Kaistha, M., S. Katoch, et al. (1996). Effect of dietary supplementation of useful microbes isolated from Luffa cyclindrica and Momordica charantia on the performance of broilers. Indian Journal of Poultry Science 31(3): 156-162. {a} Dep. Anim. Nutr., Coll. Vet. Anim. Sci., Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur 176 062, India
Katiyar, R. S., A. Mishra, et al. (1996). Genetics of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 66(9): 551-552. {a} NBRI, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 001, India
Komath, S. S., S. K. Nadimpalli, et al. (1996). Purification in high yield and characterisation of the galactose-specific lectin from the seeds of snake gourd (Trichosanthes anguina). Biochemistry and Molecular Biology International 39(2): 243-252. {a} Sch. Chem., Univ. Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500 046, India
Kusmenoglu, S. (1996). Fatty acid composition of oils in Cucurbitaceae seeds. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Gazi University 13(2): 167-170. Dep. Pharmacognosy, Fac. Pharmacy, Gazi Univ., Ankara, Turkey
Liao, C. T. and C. H. Lin (1996). Photosynthetic responses of grafted bitter melon seedlings to flood stress. Environmental and Experimental Botany 36(2): 167-172. {a} Dep. Botany, Natl. Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
Mahalya, J. L. and R. W. A. Jesudasan (1996). Biology of Epilachna septima Dieke (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera) infesting Momordica charantia with a note on its feeding damage. Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology 16(2): 83-86. Dep. Zool., Madras Christian College, Madras-600059, India
Mock, J. W. Y., T. B. Ng, et al. (1996). Demonstration of ribonuclease activity in the plant ribosome-inactivating proteins alpha- and beta-momorcharins. Life Sciences 59(22): 1853-1859. {a} Dep. Biochem., Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
Neraliya, S. and U. S. Srivastava (1996). Effect of plant extracts on post-embryonic development of the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. Journal of Advanced Zoology 17(1): 54-58. {a} National Academy Sci., India 5, Lajpatrai Rd., Allahabad 211 001, India
Neumann, G. M., R. Condron, et al. (1996). Purification and sequencing of napin-like protein small and large chains from Momordica charantia and Ricinus communis seeds and determination of sites phosphorylated by plant Ca-2+-dependent protein kinase. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1298(2): 223-240. {a} Sch. Biochem., La Trobe Univ., Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
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Mallaiah, B. and J. Nizam (1987). Promotion of female flower formation in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) by menadione (2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone). Indian Journal Of Experimental Biology 25(7): 493-494.
Mohiuddin, S., R. A. Qureshi, et al. (1987). Laboratory investigations on the repellency of some plant oils to red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum herbst. Pakistan Journal Of Scientific And Industrial Research 30(10): 754-756.
Ng, T. B., W. W. Li, et al. (1987). Effects of ginsenosides, lectins and Momordica charantia insulin-like peptide on corticosterone production by isolated rat adrenal cells. Journal Of Ethnopharmacology 21(1): 21-30.
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Ahmad, M. M., Nahid, et al. (1986). Improvement of glucose tolerance by Gymnema sylvestre, Rubus ulmifolius and Momordica charantia. Pakistan Journal Of Zoology 18(1): 89-98.
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Bala, G. and F. Hosein (1986). Studies on gummy stem blight disease of cucurbits in Trinidad (Trinidad and Tobago). Tropical Agriculture 63(3): 195-197.
Chan, W. Y., P. P. L. Tam, et al. (1986). Effects of momorcharins on the mouse embryo at the early organogenesis stage. Contraception 34(5): 537-544.
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Kobayashi, Y., E. Kimishima, et al. (1986). Peronophythora litchii isolated from litchi fruit (Litchi chinensis) imported from Taiwan. Research Bulletin Of The Plant Protection Service Japan(22): 55-60.
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Ng, T. B., W. K. Hon, et al. (1986). Effects of alpha-momorcharin, beta-momorcharin and alpha-trichosanthin on lipogenesis and testicular and adrenal steroidogenesis in vitro and plasma-glucose levels in vivo. Journal Of Ethnopharmacology 18(1): 45-54.
Ng, T. B., C. M. Wong, et al. (1986). A steryl glycoside fraction from Momordica charantia seeds with an inhibitory action on lipid metabolism in vitro. Biochemistry And Cell Biology 64(8): 766-771.
Ng, T. B., C. M. Wong, et al. (1986). Isolation and characterization of a galactose binding lectin with insulinomimetic activities: From the seeds of the bitter gourd Momordica charantia (family Cucurbitaceae). International Journal Of Peptide And Protein Research 28(2): 163-172.
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Welihinda, J. and E. H. Karunanayake (1986). Extra-pancreatic effects of Momordica charantia in rats. Journal Of Ethnopharmacology 17(3): 247-256.
Welihinda, J., E. H. Karunanayake, et al. (1986). Effect of Momordica charantia on the glucose tolerance in maturity onset diabetes. Journal Of Ethnopharmacology 17(3): 277-282.
Yeung, H. W., W. W. Li, et al. (1986). Alpha and beta momorcharins: Abortifacient proteins from the seeds of the bitter gourd Momordica charantia (family Cucurbitaceae). International Journal Of Peptide And Protein Research 28(5): 518-524.
Abbas, I. and K. Nakamura (1985). Adult population parameters and life tables of an epilachnine beetle (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) feeding on bitter cucumber (Momordica charantia) in Sumatra (Indonesia). Researches On Population Ecology 27(2): 313-324.
Chan, W. Y., P. P. L. Tam, et al. (1985). The inhibitory effects of beta-momorcharin on endometrial cells in the mouse. Contraception 31(1): 83-90.
Dave, G. R., R. M. Patel, et al. (1985). Characteristics and composition of seeds and oil of wild variety of Momordica charantia from Gujarat, India. Fette Seifen Anstrichmittel 87(8): 326-327.
Elsey, K. D., J. E. Pena, et al. (1985). Suitability of potential wild hosts of Diaphania species in southern Florida (USA). Florida Entomologist 68(4): 682-686.
Ganga, G., J. S. Chetty, et al. (1985). Influence of food plants on the food utilization and chemical composition of Henosepilachna septima (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Proceedings Of The Indian Academy Of Sciences Animal Sciences 94(2): 161-167.
Horvath, J. (1985). New artificial host-virus relations between cucurbitaceous plants and viruses: IV. Cyclanthera, Diplocyclos, Ecballium, Melothria, Momordica, Sicyos and Trichosanthes species. Acta Phytopathologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 20(3-4): 273-282.
Kanahama, K. and T. Saito (1985). Right-handedness and left-handedness in Cucurbitaceae vegetable plants. Journal Of The Yamagata Agriculture And Forestry Society(42): 7-12.
Khan, S. A., D. Muhammad, et al. (1985). The fatty acid of indigenous resources for possible industrial applications: 7. Investigation of the species of Cucurbitaceae family. Pakistan Journal Of Scientific And Industrial Research 28(1): 27-30.
Lappi, D. A., F. S. Esch, et al. (1985). Characterization of a Saponaria officinalis seed ribosome-inactivating protein: Immunoreactivity and sequence homologies. Biochemical And Biophysical Research Communications 129(3): 934-942.
Lei, Q., X. Jiang, et al. (1985). Influence of balsam pear (the fruit of Momordica charantia) on blood sugar level. Journal Of Traditional Chinese Medicine 5(2): 99-106.
Meir, P. and Z. Yaniv (1985). An in vitro study on the effect of Momordica charantia on glucose uptake and glucose metabolism in rats. Planta Medica(1): 12-16.
Mossa, J. S. (1985). A study on the crude antidiabetic drugs used in Arabian folk medicine. International Journal Of Crude Drug Research 23(3): 137-145.
Sadana, G. L., B. K. Gupta, et al. (1985). Tetranychoid mites infesting vegetables in Punjab (India) with description of two new species. Annals Of Biology 1(2): 157-164.
Wong, C. M., T. B. Ng, et al. (1985). Screening of Trichosanthes kirilowii, Momordica charantia and Cucurbita maxima (family Cucurbitaceae) for compounds with antilipolytic activity. Journal Of Ethnopharmacology 13(3): 313-322.
Bains, S. S. and P. S. Sidhu (1984). Role of different food plants in the population build-up of melon fruitfly Dacus cucurbitae in Punjab (India). Indian Journal Of Ecology 11(2): 297-302.
Karunanayake, E. H., J. Welihinda, et al. (1984). Oral hypoglycemic activity of some medicinal plants of Sri Lanka. Journal Of Ethnopharmacology 11(2): 223-232.
Mandal, S., S. P. Mukherjee, et al. (1984). Water stress-induced plant metabolism and its effect on the insect pest: 1. Momordica charantia cultivar Korola vs. Epilachna dodecastigma. Proceedings Of The Indian National Science Academy Part B Biological Sciences 50(2): 163-169.
Okoli, B. E. and F. A. Onofeghara (1984). Distribution and morphology of extrafloral nectaries in some Cucurbitaceae. Botanical Journal Of The Linnean Society 89(2): 153-164.
Verma, V. K., P. S. Sirohi, et al. (1984). Chemical sex modification and its effects on yield in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia). Progressive Horticulture 16(1-2): 52-54.
Maholay, M. N. and H. S. Sohi (1983). Rhizoctonia seed rot of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) and muskmelon (Cucumis melo). Indian Journal Of Mycology And Plant Pathology 13(1): 1-3.
Srivastava, V. K. and P. Nath (1983). Studies on heterosis in bittergourd (Momordica charantia). Egyptian Journal Of Genetics And Cytology 12(2): 317-328.
Solis, A. D. and N. M. Esguerra (1982). Biology of the black leafhopper, Ricania speculum on patola (Luffa cylindrica). Annals Of Tropical Research 4(4): 259-267.
Yuwai, K. E., K. S. Rao, et al. (1762). Chemical composition of Momordica charantia L. fruits. Journal Of Agricultural And Food Chemistry 39(10): 1762-1763.
Guevara, A. P., S. C. Y. Lim, et al. (1721). Acylglucosyl sterols from Momordica charantia. Phytochemistry 28(6): 1721-1724.
Chandravadana, M. V. (1689). Identification of triterpenoid feeding deterrent of red pumpkin beetles (Aulacophora foveicollis from Momordica charantia. Journal Of Chemical Ecology 13(7): 1689-1694.
Alikhan, M. A. and M. Yousuf (1634). Effect of host on the oviposition and development and survival of the larvae of Aulacophora foveicollis (Chrysomelidae, Coleoptera). Canadian Journal Of Zoology 63(7): 1634-1637.
Vargas, R. I., J. D. Stark, et al. (1609). Abundance, distribution, and dispersion indices of the oriental fruit fly and melon fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Kauai, Hawaiian Islands (USA). Journal Of Economic Entomology 82(6): 1609-1615.
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Wong, T. T. Y., R. T. Cunningham, et al. (1079). Seasonal distribution and abundance of Dacus cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Rota, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Island, (North Pacific Ocean). Environmental Entomology 18(6): 1079-1082.
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Devi, J. R. and J. A. Selvaraj Effect of pre-sowing treatment on germination and vigour in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) cv. Co.1. Seed Research New Delhi 22(1): 64-65. Dep. Seed Technol. Univ., Coimbatore 3, India
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Krishnasamy, V. Effect of orientation of seed placement in soil on seedling emergence in some cucurbitaceous vegetables. Seed Research New Delhi 20(2): 70-73. Dep. Seed Technol., T.N.A.V., Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
Leong, A. C. Common leafy vegetables as intercrops with bitter gourd on peat. MARDI Research Journal 20(2): 135-140. Hortic. Res. Div., MARDI Jalan Kebun, Locked Bag 186, 41720 Kelang, Malaysia
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Sundaravelu, S. and M. Sidharthan Effect of mercuric chloride on germination, early growth and pigment in Raphanus sativus and Momordica charantia. Indian Botanical Contactor 10(3-4): 113-115. Dep. Botany, Annamalai Univ., Annamalainager 608 002, India
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Index of botanical names:
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Contact: Dr Rob Fletcher, School of Agriculture and Horticulture, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343; Telephone: 07 5460 1311 or 07 5460 1301; Facsimile: 07 5460 1112; International facsimile: 61 7 5460 1112; Email:
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