Source: AGRICOLA database (1970-1996)

Baldoni, G., P. Viggiani, et al. (2000). Classification of Italian Xanthium strumarium complex based on biological traits, electrophoretic analysis and response to maize interference. Weed Research. April 40(2): 191-204. {a} Agronomy Department, University of Bologna, Via Filippo Re 6/8, 40126, Bologna, Italy

Clay, P. A. and J. L. Griffin (2000). Weed seed production and seedling emergence responses to late-season glyphosate applications. Weed Science. [print] July August 48(4): 481-486. {a} Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, 302 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA

Culpepper, A. S. and A. C. York (2000). Weed management in ultra narrow row cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Technology. Jan. March 14(1): 19-29. {a} Department of Agronomy, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 31793, USA

Hsu, F. L., Y. C. Chen, et al. (2000). Caffeic acid as active principle from the fruit of Xanthium strumarium to lower plasma glucose in diabetic rats. Planta Medica. [print] April 66(3): 228-230. {a} Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 70101, Taiwan

Kutluk, N. D., S. Erkan, et al. (2000). Weeds as hosts for Rhizomania's agent. Zeitschrift fuer Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz(17): 167-171. {a} Bitki Koruma Bolumu, Gaziosmanpasa Universitesi, TR-60 100, Tokat, Turkey

Lee, J. M. and M. D. K. Owen (2000). Comparison of acetolactate synthase enzyme inhibition among resistant and susceptible Xanthium strumarium biotypes. Weed Science. [print] May June 48(3): 286-290. {a} Agronomy Department, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA

Skora, N. F., H. D. Coble, et al. (2000). Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of 14C-glufosinate in Xanthium strumarium, Commelina difusa, and Ipomoea purpurea. Weed Science. [print] March April 48(2): 171-175. {a} Crop Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-7620, USA

Webster, E. P., D. R. Shaw, et al. (2000). Influence of cultivation timing on pyrithiobac performance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Technology. Jan. March 14(1): 116-121. {a} Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA

Abbas, H. K., D. J. Pantone, et al. (1999). Characteristics of multiple-seeded cocklebur: A biotype of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.). Weed Technology. April June 13(2): 257-263. {a} Southern Weed Science Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Stoneville, MS, 38776, USA

Ahmed, A. A., A. A. Mahmoud, et al. (1999). A xanthanolide diol and a dimeric xanthanolide from Xanthium species. Planta Medica. June 65(5): 470-472. {a} Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt

Grymes, C. F., J. L. Griffin, et al. (1999). Soybean response to weed interference and defoliation. Weed Science 47(1): 90-94. {a} Dep. Plant Pathol. Crop Physiol., Louisiana Agric. Exp. Stn., Louisiana State Univ. Agric. Cent., Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA

Jordan, D. L. (1999). Influence of adjuvants on efficacy of imazapic and 2,4-DB. Peanut Science. Jan. June 29(1): 1-4. {a} Dept. of Crop Science, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, 27695-7620, USA

Kim, H. M., Y. H. Lee, et al. (1999). Shini-San inhibits mast cell-dependent immediate-type allergic reactions. American Journal of Chinese Medicine 27(3-4): 377-386. {a} Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, 570-749, South Korea

Mott, K. A., J. C. Shope, et al. (1999). Effects of humidity on light-induced stomatal opening: Evidence for hydraulic coupling among stomata. Journal of Experimental Botany. July 50(336): 1207-1213. {a} Biology Department, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-5305, USA

Niekamp, J. W., W. G. Johnson, et al. (1999). Broadleaf weed control with sulfentrazone and flumioxazin in no-tillage soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technology. April June 13(2): 233-238. {a} Department of Agronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA

Ohmes, G. A., Jr. and J. A. Kendig (1999). Inheritance of an ALS-cross-resistant common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) biotype. Weed Technology. Jan. March 13(1): 100-103. {a} University of Missouri-Delta Center, Portageville, MO, 63873, USA

Palmer, E. W., D. R. Shaw, et al. (1999). Evaluation of soil-applied herbicides in sequential programs with CGA-277476 in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technology. April June 13(2): 271-275. {a} Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA

Rachmilevitch, S., J. Reuveni, et al. (1999). A high level of atmospheric oxygen, as occurred toward the end of the Cretaceous period, increases leaf diffusion conductance. Journal of Experimental Botany. June 50(335): 869-872. {a} Department of Plant Sciences, Inst. Life Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel

Sarpe, J. and G. Mihalcea (1999). Studies on weed control with different herbicides in maize crops in the conditions of the Danube meadow. Mededelingen Faculteit Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen Universiteit Gent. [print] 64(3b): 745-749. {a} Oltchim S.A., 1 Uzinei Street-Ramnicu, Valcea, Romania

Sarpe, N., C. Roibu, et al. (1999). Control of Sorghum halepense with different herbicides in soybean crops. Mededelingen Faculteit Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen Universiteit Gent. [print] 64(3b): 737-744. {a} Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, 61 Avenue Marasti 49, Bucharest, Romania

Satao, R. N., B. M. Patil, et al. (1999). Weed management in cotton under drip irrigation (Israel technology). Crop Research Hisar. Sept. 18(2): 192-194. {a} Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, M.S., 444 001, India

Bararpour, M. T. and L. R. Oliver (1998). Effect of tillage and interference on common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) population, seed production, and seedbank. Weed Science 46(4): 424-431. {a} Dep. Agron., Univ. Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA

Ellis, J. M., D. R. Shaw, et al. (1998). Herbicide combinations for preharvest weed desiccation in early maturing soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technology 12(1): 157-165. {a} Dep. Plant Soil Sci., Miss. State Univ., Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA

Ellis, J. M., D. R. Shaw, et al. (1998). Soybean (Glycine max) seed quality and harvesting efficiency as affected by low weed densities. Weed Technology 12(1): 166-173. {a} Dep. Plant Soil Sci., Miss. State Univ., Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA

Gratton, C. and S. C. Welter (1998). Oviposition preference of larval performance of Liriomyza helianthi (Diptera: Agromyzidae) on normal and novel host plants. Environmental Entomology 27(4): 926-935. Div. Insect Biol., Univ. California, 201 Wellman Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

Jeanmonod, D. (1998). Xanthium subg. Xanthium and Helichrysum italicum, 2 difficult taxonomical cases. Candollea 53(2): 435-457. {a} Conservatoire et Jardin Bot., Ville de Geneve, Case Postale 60, CH-1292 Chambesy/GE, Switzerland

Jeanmonod, D. (1998). Xanthium subg. Xanthium and Helichrysum italicum, 2 difficult taxonomical cases. Candollea 53(2): 435-457. {a} Conservatoire et Jardin Bot., Ville de Geneve, Case Postale 60, CH-1292 Chambesy/GE, Switzerland

Johnson, W. G., J. S. Dilbeck, et al. (1998). Weed control with reduced rates of chlorimuron plus metribuzin and imazethapyr in no-till narrow-row soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technology 12(1): 32-36. {a} Dep. Agron., Univ. Missouri, Columbia, MO 65203, USA

Johnson, W. G., J. S. Dilbeck, et al. (1998). Weed control with reduced rates of imazaquin and imazethapyr in no-till narrow-row soybean (Glycine max). Weed Science 46(1): 105-110. {a} Dep. Agron., Univ. Mo., Columbia, MO 65211, USA

Jung, K. D. (1998). Newer remarkable finds from the flora of the Darmstadt region: Part 10. Hessische Floristische Briefe 47(1): 1-5. {a} Umweltamt Stadt Darmstadt, Havelstr. 7, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany

Krausz, R., G. Kapusta, et al. (1998). Sulfentrazone for weed control in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technology 12(4): 684-689. Dep. Plant Soil General Agric., Southern Ill. Univ., Carbondale, IL 62901, USA

Kuo, Y. C., C. M. Sun, et al. (1998). Chinese herbs as modulators of human mesangial cell proliferation: Preliminary studies. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 132(1): 76-85. {a} Room 912, Laboratory Immunol., National Research Institute Chinese Med., Number 155-1, Section 2, Li-Nung St., Shih-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan, China

Lee, H. J., Y. S. Jeong, et al. (1998). Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis by 8-epi-xanthatin in activated RAW 264.7 cells. Yakhak Hoeji 42(5): 540-543. {a} Coll. Pharmacy, Res. Inst. Pharm. Sci., Sookmyung Women's Univ., Seoul 140-742, South Korea

Ma, Y. T., M. C. Huang, et al. (1998). Thiazinedione from Xanthium strumarium. Phytochemistry Oxford 48(6): 1083-1085. {a} Dep. Biochem., Sch. Pharm., Taipei Med. Coll., Taipei, Taiwan

Mahmoud, A. A. (1998). Xanthanolides and xanthane epoxide derivatives from Xanthium strumarium. Planta Medica 64(8): 724-727. {a} Dep. Chem., Fac. Sci., El-Minia Univ., El-Minia, Egypt

Masvingwe, C. and M. Mavenyengwa (1998). Toxicological evaluation of the plant Xanthium strumarium in pigs in Zimbabwe. Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins. [online] 4(2 Cited April 18, 2000): 1-8. {a} Department of Preclinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe

Mott, K. A. and T. N. Buckley (1998). Stomatal heterogeneity. Journal of Experimental Botany 49(Spec. Issue): 407-417. {a} Biol. Dep., Utah State Univ., Logan, UT 84322-5305, USA

Rushing, G. S. and L. R. Oliver (1998). Influence of planting date on common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) interference in early-maturing soybean (Glycine max). Weed Science 46(1): 99-104. {a} Dep. Agron., Univ. Arkansas, Fayatteville, AR 72701, USA

Weiner, J., S. Kinsman, et al. (1998). Modeling the growth of individuals in plant populations: Local density variation in a strand population of Xanthium strumarium (Asteraceae). American Journal of Botany 85(11): 1638-1645. {a} Dep. Agric. Sci., Royal Veterinary and Agric. Univ. Agrovej 10, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark

Youssef, M. M. A. (1998). Efficacy of some weed control treatments on nematode populations in a maize field. Anzeiger fuer Schaedlingskunde Pflanzenschutz Umweltschutz 71(8): 159-160. {a} Plant Pathol. Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

Alm, D. M., R. A. Garves, et al. (1997). A computer-controlled seed germinator for realistic temperature response studies. Biotronics 26: 31-37. USDA, ARS, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA

Buhler, D. D. (1997). Effects of tillage and light environment on emergence of 13 annual weeds. Weed Technology 11(3): 496-501. Natl. Soil Tilth Lab., United States Dep. Agriculture, Agricultural Res. Service, 2150 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA

Gandolfo, D. E., G. Logarzo, et al. (1997). Apagomerella versicolor (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), candidate for biological control of Xanthium strumarium (Compositae) In the United States: Laboratory estimation of damage. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 56(1-4): 147-150. Laboratorio de Control Biologico de Plagas USDA-ARS, Bolivar 1559, 1686 Hurlingham, Argentina

Johnson, W. G., M. S. Defelice, et al. (1997). Application timing affects weed control with metolachlor plus atrazine in no-till corn (Zea mays). Weed Technology 11(2): 207-211. {a} Dep. Agronomy, Univ. Missouri, Columbia, MO 65203, USA

Jones, R. E., Jr., R. H. Walker, et al. (1997). Soybean (Glycine max), common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium), and sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) sap flow in interspecific competition. Weed Science 45(3): 409-413. {a} Dep. Agron. Soils, Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL 36849, USA

Joshi, S. P., S. R. Rojatkar, et al. (1997). Antimalarial activity of Xanthium strumarium. Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences 19(2): 366-368. Natl. Chemical Lab., Pune 411 008, India

Ma, G., H. D. Coble, et al. (1997). Physiological mechanisms for differential responses of three weed species to prosulfuron. Weed Science 45(5): 642-647. {a} Dep. Horticultural Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-7609, USA

Mohamed, M. K. (1997). Chromosome counts in some flowering plants from Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Botany 37(2): 129-156. {a} Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, Egypt

Mott, K. A., F. Denne, et al. (1997). Interactions among stomata in response to perturbations in humidity. Plant Cell and Environment 20(9): 1098-1107. {a} Dep. Biol., Utah State Univ., Logan, UT 84322-5305, USA

Reuveni, J., J. Gale, et al. (1997). Differentiating day from night effects of high ambient (CO-2) on the gas exchange and growth of Xanthium strumarium L. exposed to salinity stress. Annals of Botany London 79(2): 191-196. {a} Dep. Botany, Hebrew Univ. Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel

Roy, K. W., S. Ratnayake, et al. (1997). Colonization of weeds by Phomopsis longicolla. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 19(2): 193-196. Dep. Entomol. Plant Pathol., Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA

Royal, S. S., B. J. Brecke, et al. (1997). Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) interference with peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Weed Science 45(1): 38-43. {a} Zenaca Ag Products, Whitakers, NC 27891, USA

Royal, S. S., B. J. Brecke, et al. (1997). Influence of broadleaf weeds on chlorothalonil deposition, foliar disease incidence, and peanut (Arachis hypogaea) yield. Weed Technology 11(1): 51-58. {a} Field Res. Biol., Zeneca Ag Products, Route 1, Box 117, Whitakers, NC 27891, USA

Saayman, A. E. J. and D. V. H. A. Van (1997). Influence of weed competition on subsequent germination and seed vigour of Zea mays. Seed Science and Technology 25(1): 59-65. {a} Weed Sci., Summer Grain Centre, Private Bag X1251, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa

Shabala, S., R. Delbourgo, et al. (1997). Observations of bifurcation and chaos in plant physiological responses to light. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 24(1): 91-96. {a} Phys. Dep., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia

Shabala, S. N. (1997). Leaf bioelectric responses to rhythmical light: Identification of the contributions from stomatal and mesophyll cells. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 24(6): 741-749. {a} Dep. Physics, Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252-21, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia

Sprague, C. L., E. W. Stoller, et al. (1997). Preemergence broadleaf weed control and crop tolerance in imidazolinone-resistant and -susceptible corn (Zea mays). Weed Technology 11(1): 118-122. {a} Dep. Crop. Sci., Univ. Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA

Sprague, C. L., E. W. Stoller, et al. (1997). Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) resistance to selected ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Weed Technology 11(2): 241-247. USDA-ARS, Crop Protection Res. Unit, Dep. Crop Sci., Univ. Illinois, 1102 South Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA

Steckel, G. J., L. M. Wax, et al. (1997). Glufosinate efficacy on annual weeds is influenced by rate and growth stage. Weed Technology 11(3): 484-488. {a} Dep. Crop Sci., Univ. Illinois, 1102 South Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA

Tsuda, T., K. Kobayashi, et al. (1997). Synthesis of N-alkyl-2,3-dimethyl-5-(N'-(5-halo-2-methylphenyl)carbamoyl)-6-pyrazinecarboxamides and their herbicidal activity. Journal of Pesticide Science 22(3): 218-221. {a} Dep. Agric. Chem., Coll. Agric., Osaka Prefecture Univ., Gakuen-cho, Sakai 593, Japan

Webster, T. M. and H. D. Coble (1997). Changes in the weed species composition of the southern United States: 1974 to 1995. Weed Technology 11(2): 308-317. {a} Dep. Horticulture Crop Sci., Ohio Agricultural Res. Development Cent., Ohio State Univ., Wooster, OH 44691, USA

Wollenweber, E., M. Doerr, et al. (1997). Exudate flavonoids in several Asteroideae and Cichorioideae (Asteraceae). Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung Section C Journal of Biosciences 52(3-4): 137-143. {a} Inst. Botanik der Technischen Hochsch., Schnittspahnstr. 3, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany

Yong, J. W. H., S. C. Wong, et al. (1997). Stomatal responses to changes in vapour pressure difference between leaf and air. Plant Cell and Environment 20(10): 1213-1216. {a} Environ. Biol. Group, Res. Sch. Biol. Sci., Inst. Advanced Studies, Australian Natl. Univ., GPO Box 475, ACT 2601, Canberra, Australia

Abbas, H. K. and G. H. Egley (1996). Influence of unrefined corn oil and surface-active agents on the germination and infectivity of Alternaria helianthi. Biocontrol Science and Technology 6(4): 531-538. USDA-ARS, Southern Weed Sci. Lab., P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA

Ahammed, J. and N. Paria (1996). Systematic value of seedling morphology in some Indian Asteraceae. Acta Botanica Indica 24(1): 49-55. Dep. Bot., Univ. Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta 700 019, India

Bajaj, A. K., J. S. Pasricha, et al. (1996). Tabernaemontana coronaria causing fingertip dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 35(2): 104-105. {a} Dep. Dermtol., Allahabad 211001, India

Berti, A. and M. Sattin (1996). Effect of weed position on yield loss in soyabean and a comparison between relative weed cover and other regression models. Weed Research 36(3): 249-258. Centro Studio sulla Biologia Controllo Piante Infestanti, CNR, AGRIPOLIS, 35020 Legmaro, Italy

Bhattacharyya, G. and S. M. Pandya (1996). Distribution studies on exotic-weeds of Saurashtra (India). Advances in Plant Sciences 9(1): 29-32. {a} Indian Rayon Sch., Veraval - 362 266, Gujarat, India

Damayanti, M., K. Susheela, et al. (1996). Effect of plant extracts and systemic fungicide on the pineapple fruit-rotting fungus, Ceratocystis paradoxa. Cytobios 86(346): 155-165. {a} Dep. Life Sci., Manipur Univ., Imphal 795003, India

Di, G. D., L. Camoni, et al. (1996). Syringopeptins, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae phytotoxins, resemble syringomycin in closing stomata. Plant Pathology Oxford 45(3): 564-571. {a} Dip. Sci. Biochim. 'A. Rossi Fanelli', Univ. 'La Sapienza', P.le Alde Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy

Eckstein, J., W. Beyschlag, et al. (1996). Changes in photon flux can induce stomatal patchiness. Plant Cell and Environment 19(9): 1066-1074. {a} Lehrstuhl Exp. Oekol. Oekosystembiol., Universitaetsstrasse 25, D-33615 Beilefeld, Germany

Gallaher, K. and T. C. Mueller (1996). Effect of crop presence on persistence of atrazine, metribuzin, and clomazone in surface soil. Weed Science 44(3): 698-703. P.O. Box 1071, Dep. Plant Soil Sci., Univ. Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37901, USA

Garg, A. (1996). Palynocontents of bee-collected pollen loads of autumn season in Bhimal, India. Taiwania 41(3): 197-207. Taxonomy and Herbarium Div., Natl. Botanical Res. Inst., Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001, India

Johnson, W. C., III, J. W. Todd, et al. (1996). Role of warm-season weeds in spotted wilt epidemiology in the southeastern Coastal Plain. Agronomy Journal 88(6): 928-933. {a} USDA-ARS, Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793-0748, USA

Laisk, A. and F. Loreto (1996). Determining photosynthetic parameters from leaf CO-2 exchange and chlorophyll fluoresence: Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase specificity factor, dark respiration in the light, excitation distribution between photosystems, alternative electron transport rate, and mesophyll diffusion resistance. Plant Physiology Rockville 110(3): 903-912. {a} Tartu Ulikooli Molekulaar-ja Rakubiol. Inst., Riia tn. 181, Tartu EE2400, Estonia

Lovell, S. T., L. M. Wax, et al. (1996). Using the in vivo acetolactate synthase (ALS) assay for identifying herbicide-resistant weeds. Weed Technology 10(4): 936-942. {a} ZENECA Agric. Prod., 495 Co. Rd. 1300 N., Champaign, IL 61821, USA

Muyonga, K. C., M. S. Defelice, et al. (1996). Weed control with reduced rates of four soil applied soybean herbicides. Weed Science 44(1): 148-155. {a} Regional Res. Centre-Perkerra, P.O. Box 32, Marigat, Kenya

Nimbal, C. I., D. R. Shaw, et al. (1996). Environmental effects on MSMA phytotoxicity to wild-type and arsenical herbicide-resistant common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium). Weed Technology 10(4): 809-814. {a} Dep. Hortic., Univ. Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA

Obermeier, M. R. and G. Kapusta (1996). Postemergence broadleaf weed control in corn (Zea mays) with CGA-152005. Weed Technology 10(4): 689-698. Dep. Plant Soil Sci., Southern Illinois Univ., Carbondale, IL 62901, USA

Robinson, D. K., D. W. Monks, et al. (1996). Potato (Solanum tuberosum) tolerance and susceptibility of eight weeds to rimsulfuron with and without metribuzin. Weed Technology 10(1): 29-34. Dep. Hortic. Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-7069, USA

Sartorato, I., A. Berti, et al. (1996). Estimation of economic thresholds for weed control in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Crop Protection 15(1): 63-68. {a} Cent. Studio sulla Biol. Controllo delle Piante Infestanti, CNR, Via Gradenigo 6, 35131 Padova, Italy

Wilcut, J. W., J. S. I. Richburgi, et al. (1996). Postemergence AC 263,222 systems for weed control in peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Weed Science 44(3): 615-621. {a} Crop Sci. Dep., Box 7620, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-7620, USA

Abbas, H. K. and W. L. Barrentine (1995). Alternaria helianthi and imazaquin for control of imazaquin susceptible and resistant cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) biotypes. Weed Science 43(3): 425-428. Plant Pathol., USDA-ARS, South Weed Sci. Lab., Stoneville, MS 38776, USA

Abbas, H. K., G. H. Egley, et al. (1995). Effect of conidia production temperature on germination and infectivity of Alternaria helianthi. Phytopathology 85(6): 677-682. {a} USDA Agric. Res. Service, Southern Weed Science Lab., P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA

Bussler, B. H., B. D. Maxwell, et al. (1995). Using plant volume to quantify interference in corn (Zea mays) neighborhoods. Weed Science 43(4): 586-594. {a} Monsanto Co., 804 S. Main St., Princeton, IL 61356, USA

Dhawan, S. R., P. Dhawan, et al. (1995). Parthenium hysterophorus L.: The weed of wastelands and its management by application of allelopathy. Advances in Plant Sciences 8(1 Suppl.): 108-114. {a} Weed Control Res. Lab., Dep. Bot., Government P. G. Coll., Jind 126 102, India

Ellis, J. P. and N. D. Camper (1995). In vitro cultured cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) responses to dimercaptopropanesulfonic acid and monosodium methanearsonate. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 14(1): 9-13. {a} Dep. Plant Pathol. Physiol., Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634-0377, USA

Genty, B. and S. Meyer (1995). Quantitative mapping of leaf photosynthesis using chlorophyll fluorescence imaging. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 22(2): 277-284. {a} Groupe Photosynth. Environ., Lab. d'Ecol. Veg., CNRS URA 1492, Bat. 362, Univ. Paris Sud, Orsay 91405, France

Krausz, R. F., G. Kapusta, et al. (1995). Evaluation of band vs. broadcast herbicide applications in corn and soybean. Journal of Production Agriculture 8(3): 380-384. {a} Dep. Plant Soil Sci., Southern Illinois Univ., Carbondale, IL 62901, USA

Levene, B. C. and M. D. K. Owen (1995). Effect of moisture stress and leaf age on bentazon absorption in common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Science 43(1): 7-12. Iowa State Univ., Agron. Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA

Lind, F. (1995). The flora of Ostergotland, second edition: Additions and corrections. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 89(3): 151-164. Silverrigen 16, S-603 69 Norrkoping, Sweden

Mosier, D. G. and L. R. Oliver (1995). Soybean (Glycine max) interference on common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and entireleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula). Weed Science 43(3): 402-409. {a} Rhone-Poulenc Ag Co., Marshalltown, IA 50158, USA

Mosier, D. G. and L. R. Oliver (1995). Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and entireleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula) interference on soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Science 43(2): 239-246. Dep. Agron., Univ. Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA

Muenster, P., W. Freund, et al. (1995). Synthesis and herbicidal activity of isoxazoledicarboxylic acid derivatives. Pesticide Science 44(1): 21-27. {a} BASF Aktiengesellschaft, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany

Nimbal, C. I., D. R. Shaw, et al. (1995). Response of MSMA-resistant and -susceptible common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) biotypes to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) herbicides and cross-resistance to arsenicals and membrane disruptors. Weed Technology 9(3): 440-445. {a} Hortic. Dep., Univ. Ky., Lexington, KY 40546, USA

Nimbal, C. I., G. D. Wills, et al. (1995). Uptake, translocation, and metabolism of 14C-MSMA in organic arsenical-resistant and -susceptible Mississippi biotypes of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.). Weed Science 43(4): 549-554. {a} Dep. Hortic., Univ. Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA

Robeva, P., G. P. Yurukova, et al. (1995). Comparative embryological and phytochemical study of the Bulgarian species of genus Xanthium L. (Asteraceae). Dokladi na B"lgarskata Akademiya na Naukite 48(3): 57-60. {a} Inst. Bot., Bulg. Acad. Sci., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria

Saxena, V. K. and M. Mishra (1995). Xanthanolides from Xanthium strumarium. Fitoterapia 66(2): 159-161. Natural Products Lab., Dep. Chem., Dr. H. S. Gour Univ., Sagar 470 003, India

Simpson, D. M. and E. W. Stoller (1995). Response of sulfonylurea-tolerant soybean (Glycine max) and selected weed species to imazethapyr and thifensulfuron combinations. Weed Technology 9(3): 582-586. {a} Dep. Agron., Univ. Ill., 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA

Simpson, D. M., E. W. Stoller, et al. (1995). An in vivo acetolactate synthase assay. Weed Technology 9(1): 17-22. Dep. Agron., Univ. Ill., USDA-ARS, Urbana, IL, USA

Talakal, T. S., S. K. Dwivedi, et al. (1995). In vitro and in vivo antitrypanosomal activity of Xanthium strumarium leaves. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 49(3): 141-145. {a} Div. Med., Indian Vet. Res. Inst., Izatnagar 243 122, India

Alm, D. M., J. D. Hesketh, et al. (1994). A model of water flow through growing plants. Biotronics 23: 11-34. {a} Plant Biol. Dep., Univ. Illinois 265, Morrill Hall 505, South Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA

Berti, A. and G. Zanin (1994). Density equivalent: A method for forecasting yield loss caused by mixed weed populations. Weed Research 34(5): 327-332. Centro Studio Diserbanti CNR, Ist. Agronomia Generale Coltivazaioni Erbacee, Univ. Studi Padova, Via Gradenigo 6, 35131 Padova, Italy

Cardon, Z. G., K. A. Mott, et al. (1994). Dynamics of patchy stomatal movements, and their contribution to steady-state and oscillating stomatal conductance calculated using gas-exchange techniques. Plant Cell and Environment 17(9): 995-1007. {a} Dep. Integrative Biol., Univ. Calif., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

De, J. T. J. and P. G. L. Klinkhamer (1994). Plant size and reproductive success through female and male function. Journal of Ecology 82(2): 399-402. Univ. Leiden, Inst. Evol. Ecol. Sci., PO Box 9516, 2300RA Leiden, Netherlands

Ellis, J. P. and N. D. Camper (1994). In vitro culture of Xanthium strumarium (Cocklebur). Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 36(3): 369-372. Dep. Plant Pathol. Physiol., Clemson Univ., Clemson, S.C. 29634-0377, USA

Fensom, D. S., R. G. Thompson, et al. (1994). Tandem movement of pressure waves as a possible mechanism of phloem transport. Fiziologiya Rastenii Moscow 41(1): 135-148. {a} Dep. Biol., Mt. Allison Univ., Sackville, NB E0A 3C0, Canada

Haigler, W. E., B. J. Gossett, et al. (1994). Growth and development of organic arsenical-susceptible and resistant common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) biotypes under noncompetitive conditions. Weed Technology 8(1): 154-158. {a} South Carolina Land Resources Com., 2221 Devine St., Columbia, SC 29205, USA

Jacobson, B. D., D. S. Murray, et al. (1994). Soil-water extraction profiles of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and weed species. Weed Technology 8(2): 190-198. {a} Agron. Dep., Univ. Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA

Kalaycioglu, A. and C. Oner (1994). Investigation of the antimutagenic effect of some plant extracts with Ames-Salmonella test system. Turkish Journal of Botany 18(3): 117-122. Hacettepe Univ., Fen Fakultesi. Biyoloji Bolumu, Molekuler Biyoloji Anabilim Dali, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey

Keese, R. J. and N. D. Camper (1994). Uptake and translocation of (14C)MSMA in cotton and MSMA-resistant and -susceptible cocklebur. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 49(2): 138-145. Dep. Plant Pathol. Physiol., Clemson Univ., Box 340377, Clemson, SC 29634-0377, USA

Kinet, J. M., P. Houssa, et al. (1994). Alteration of cytokinin levels in root and leaf exudates of the short day plant Xanthium strumarium in response to a single long night inducing flowering. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Montrouge 32(3): 379-383. {a} Laboratoire de Physiologie Vegetale, Institut de Botanique, Universite de Liege, Sart-Tilman B22, B-4000 Liege, Belgium

Kleifeld, Y., B. Rubin, et al. (1994). Soil-incorporated trifluralin protects cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) from root-absorbed herbicides. Weed Research 34(6): 461-469. {a} Dep. Weed Sci., A.R.O. Newe Ya'ar Exper. Stn., P.O. Haifa 31999, Israel

Levene, B. A. and M. D. K. Owen (1994). Movement of 14C-bentazon with adjuvants into common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Technology 8(1): 93-98. {a} Iowa State Univ., 2104 Agronomy Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA

Nandakishore, T. and J. S. Pasricha (1994). Pattern of cross-sensitivity between 4 Compositae plants, Parthenium hysterophorus, Xanthium strumarium, Helianthus annuus and Chrysanthemum coronarium, in Indian patients. Contact Dermatitis 30(3): 162-167. {a} Dep. Dermatol., AIIMS, New Delhi 110029, India

Reddy, K. N., M. A. Locke, et al. (1994). Foliar washoff and runoff losses of lactofen, norflurazon, and fluometuron under simulated rainfall. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 42(10): 2338-2343. {a} Southern Weed Sci. Lab., Agric. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. Agric., P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA

Roussakis, C., I. Chinou, et al. (1994). Cytotoxic activity of xanthatin and the crude extracts of Xanthium strumarium. Planta Medica 60(5): 473-474. {a} Div. Pharmacogn., Univ. Athens, Dep. Pharmacy, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, GR-15771 Athens, Greece

Saxena, V. K. and S. K. Mondal (1994). A xanthanolide from Xanthium strumarium. Phytochemistry Oxford 35(4): 1080-1082. {a} Phytochem. Lab., Dep. Chem., Dr. Harisingh Gour Univ., Sagar 470 003, M. P., India

Vencill, W. K. and P. A. Banks (1994). Effects of tillage systems and weed management on weed populations in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Weed Science 42(4): 541-547. {a} Crop and Soil Sci. Dep., Univ. Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA

Wilcut, J. W., J. S. I. Richburgi, et al. (1994). Imazethapyr and paraquat systems for weed management in peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Weed Science 42(4): 601-607. {a} Dep. Crop Soil Sci., Box 748, Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Univ. Georgia, Tifton, GA 31794, USA

Wong, A. T. S. and G. L. Tylka (1994). Eight nonhost weed species of Heterodera glycines in Iowa. Plant Disease 78(4): 365-367. Dep. Plant Pathol., 351 Bessey Hall, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011, USA

Wrubel, R. P. and J. Gressel (1994). Are herbicide mixtures useful for delaying the rapid evolution of resistance? A case study. Weed Technology 8(3): 635-648. {a} Dep. Urban Environ., Policy, Tufts Univ., Medford, MA 02155, USA

Zhang, J. and P. B. Cavers (1994). Seedling emergence after maternal bentazon application to 10 cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) populations. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 74(4): 863-866. {a} Agriculture Agri-Food Canada, Research Station, Harrow, ON N0R 1G0, Canada

Zhang, J. and P. B. Cavers (1994). Effect of herbicide application on fruit characters of Xanthium strumarium L. populations. Weed Research 34(5): 319-326. {a} Agriculture Canada, Res. Station, Harrow, ON N0R 1G0, Canada

Zhang, J., P. B. Cavers, et al. (1994). Response of Xanthium strumarium populations to sublethal applications of bentazone. Weed Research 34(1): 55-61. {a} Agriculture Canada Res. Station, Harrow, ON N0R 1G0, Canada

Agata, I., S. Goto, et al. (1993). 1,3,5-Tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid from Xanthium strumarium. Phytochemistry Oxford 33(2): 508-509. {a} Faculty Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama Univ., Tsushima, Okayama 700, Japan

Alberto, M. J., C. J. F. Sanz, et al. (1993). Xanthanolides from Xanthium: Absolute configuration of xanthanol, isoxanthanol and their C-4 epimers. Phytochemistry Oxford 34(6): 1569-1576. {a} Dep. Quimica Organica, Fac. Quimica, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain

Bozsa, R. C. and L. R. Oliver (1993). Shoot and root interference of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and soybean (Glycine max). Weed Science 41(1): 34-37. {a} EPL BioAnalytical Serv. Inc., P.O. Box 771084, Winter Garden, FL 34777-1084, USA

Buhler, D. D., J. L. Gunsolus, et al. (1993). Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) control in soybean (Glycine max) with reduced bentazon rates and cultivation. Weed Science 41(3): 447-453. Res. Agron., Plant Sci. Res. Unit, U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Univ. Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA

Heatherly, L. G., R. A. Wesley, et al. (1993). Net returns from stale seedbed plantings of soybean (Glycine max) on clay soil. Weed Technology 7(4): 972-980. {a} U.S. Dep. Agric.-Agric. Res. Serv., Soybean Prod. Res. Unit, PO Box 343, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA

Ina, K. (1993). Attaching repellent compounds for antifouling substances. Nippon Nogeikagaku Kaishi 67(11): 1611-1613. Fac. Agric., Shizuoka Univ., Shizuoka 420, Japan

Jones, R. E., Jr. and R. H. Walker (1993). Effect of interspecific interference, light intensity, and soil moisture on soybean (Glycine max), common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium), and sicklepod) (Cassia obtusifolia) water uptake. Weed Science 41(4): 534-540. Dep. Agron. Soils, Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL 36849, USA

Jordan, N. (1993). Prospects for weed control through crop interference. Ecological Applications 3(1): 84-91. Sci. Div., Northeast Missouri State Univ., Kirksville, MO 63501, USA

Kinet, J. M., P. Lejeune, et al. (1993). Shoot-root interactions during floral transition: A possible role of cytokinins. Environmental and Experimental Botany 33(4): 459-469. {a} Lab. de Cytogenetique, Dep. de Biologie, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 5-Bte 13, B-1348, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium

Lee, Y. H. and K. V. Subbarao (1993). Saprotrophic ability of Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora on host and non-host plants, and on abiotic substrates. Mycological Research 97(7): 782-784. {a} Dep. Plant Pathol. Physiol., Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634, USA

Malik, M. S., N. K. Sangwan, et al. (1993). Xanthanolides from Xanthium strumarium. Phytochemistry Oxford 32(1): 206-207. {a} Dep. Chemistry Biochemistry, Haryana Agricultural Univ., Hisar 125 004, India

Merbach, I. (1993). Control of Equisetum arvense L. (field horsetail) on waste land with splitted and reduced doses of MCPA. Zeitschrift fuer Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz 100(3): 317-324. Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle GmbH, Sektion Bodenforschung, Hallesche Strasse 44, D-O-4204 Bad Lauchstaedt, Germany

Mott, K. A., Z. G. Cardon, et al. (1993). Asymmetric patchy stomatal closure for the two surfaces of Xanthium strumarium L. leaves at low humidity. Plant Cell and Environment 16(1): 25-34. {a} Biol. Dep., Utah State Univ., Logan, UT 84322-5305, USA

Newsom, L. J., D. R. Shaw, et al. (1993). Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of AC 263,222 in peanut (Arachis hypogaea), soybean (Glycine max), and selected weeds. Weed Science 41(4): 523-527. Dep. Plant Pathol. Weed Sci., Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA

Oliver, L. R., T. E. Klingaman, et al. (1993). Herbicide systems in stale seedbed soybean (Glycine max) production. Weed Technology 7(4): 816-823. {a} Dep. Agron., Univ. Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72703, USA

Pal, V., I. Jalali, et al. (1993). Suppression of bacterial soft rot of potato by common weed extracts. Journal of the Indian Potato Association 20(4): 206-209. Dep. Plant Pathol., Haryana Agric. Univ., Hisar 125 004, India

Pammenter, N. W., F. Loreto, et al. (1993). End product feedback effects on photosynthetic electron transport. Photosynthesis Research 35(1): 5-14. {a} Dep. Botany, Univ. Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA

Regnier, E. E. and S. K. Harrison (1993). Compensatory responses of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) to partial shading. Weed Science 41(4): 541-547. Dep. Agron., Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH 43210, USA

Schmidt, J., B. Spengler, et al. (1993). Sterol constituents in seeds of Ornithopus sativus. Phytochemistry Oxford 33(2): 506-507. {a} Inst. Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, O-4050 Halle/S., Germany

Schmitzer, P. R., R. J. Eilers, et al. (1993). Lack of cross-resistance of imazaquin-resistant Xanthium strumarium acetolactate synthase to flumetsulam and chlorimuron. Plant Physiology Rockville 103(1): 281-283. {a} DowElanco, P.O. Box 68955, Indianapolis, IN 46268-1053, USA

Seel, W. E., A. N. Parsons, et al. (1993). Do inorganic solutes limit growth of the facultative hemiparasite Rhinanthus minor L. in the absence of a host? New Phytologist 124(2): 283-289. Dep. Environ. Biol., Sch. Biol. Sci., Univ. Manchester, Oxford Rd., Manchester M13 9PL, UK

Seibert, A. C. and R. B. Pearce (1993). Growth analysis of weed and crop species with reference to seed weight. Weed Science 41(1): 52-56. {a} Dep. Agron. Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA

Senseman, S. A. and L. R. Oliver (1993). Flowering patterns, seed production, and somatic polymorphism of three weed species. Weed Science 41(3): 418-425. {a} Dep. Agron., Univ. Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72703, USA

Shaw, D. R. and M. T. Wesley (1993). Interacting effects on absorption and translocation from tank mixtures of ALS-inhibiting and diphenylether herbicides. Weed Technology 7(3): 693-698. Dep. Plant Pathol., Weed Sci., Miss. State Univ., Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA

Smalley, S. J., H. D. Hauser, et al. (1993). Effect of cations on effective permeability of leaf cuticles to sulfuric acid. Plant Physiology Rockville 103(1): 251-256. {a} Dep. Biol., Univ. Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA 50614-0421, USA

Smith, J. E. and P. W. Jordan (1993). Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) shoot structure as affected by soybean (Glycine max) interference. Weed Science 41(1): 75-81. {a} Dep. Plant Pathol. Crop Physiol., La. Agric. Exp. Stn., La. State Univ. Agric. Cent., Baton Rouge, LA 70803

Vidrine, P. R., D. B. Reynolds, et al. (1993). Weed control in soybean (Glycine max) with lactofen plus chlorimuron. Weed Technology 7(2): 311-316. {a} Dean Lee Res. Stn., 8105 E. Campus, Alexandria, LA 71302, USA

Wilkins, M. B. and S. T. Thomas (1993). The damping and reinitiation of the circadian rhythm of carbon dioxide output in Bryophyllum leaves in relation to their malate content. Journal of Experimental Botany 44(262): 901-906. {a} Dep. Bot., Glasgow University, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK

Wullschleger, S. D. (1993). Biochemical limitations to carbon assimilation in C-3 plants: A retrospective analysis of the A/C-i curves from 109 species. Journal of Experimental Botany 44(262): 907-920. Environmental Sci. Div., PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge National Lab., Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6034, USA

Zajac, M., A. Zajac, et al. (1993). The segetal communities of cereal crops of Macedonia. Wiadomosci Botaniczne 37(3-4): 87-88. {a} Zakl. Taksonomii Roslin Fitogeogr., Inst. Bot., Uniw. Jagiellonski, ul. Lubicz 46, 31-512 Krakow, Poland

Zhang, J., P. B. Cavers, et al. (1993). Response to sublethal herbicide application in early growth of seven Xanthium strumarium populations. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 73(1): 351-357. {a} Dep. Biol., McGill Univ., 1205 ave. Docteur Penfield, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1

Griffin, J. L., D. B. Reynolds, et al. (1992). Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) control with reduced rates of soil and foliar-applied imazaquin. Weed Technology 6(4): 847-851. {a} Dep. Plant Pathol. Crop Physiol., 302 Life Sci. Build., Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA

Jordan, N. (1992). Differential interference between soybean (Glycine max) varieties and common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium): A path analysis. Weed Science 40(4): 614-620. Div. Sci., Northeast Missouri State Univ., Kirksville, MO 63501, USA

King, C. A. and L. R. Oliver (1992). Application rate and timing of acifluorfen, bentazon, chlorimuron, and imazaquin. Weed Technology 6(3): 526-534. Dep. Agron., Univ. Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72703

Klingaman, T. E., C. A. King, et al. (1992). Effect of application rate, weed species, and weed stage of growth on imazethapyr activity. Weed Science 40(2): 227-232.

Linder, B. and K. Raschke (1992). A slow anion channel in guard cells, activating at large hyperpolarization, may be principal for stomatal closing. FEBS Federation of European Biochemical Societies Letters 313(1): 27-30. {a} Pflanzenphysiologische Inst., Botanischer Garten, Univ. Goettingen, Untere Karspuele 2, W-3400 Goettingen, Germany

Phillips, A. J. L. (1992). Some common weed species as alternative hosts for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Phytophylactica 24(2): 207-210. Plant Protection Res. Inst., Private Bag X134, Pretoria 0001, S. Afr

Salzman, F. P., K. A. Renner, et al. (1992). Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of clomazone, metribuzin and linuron in soybean (Glycine max) and common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium). Weed Science 40(3): 395-401.

Sims, B. D. and D. R. Guethle (1992). Herbicide programs in no-tillage and conventional-tillage soybeans (Glycine max) double cropped after wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Science 40(2): 255-263.

Weersink, A., W. Deen, et al. (1992). Evaluation of alternative decision rules for postemergent herbicide treatments in soybean. Journal Of Production Agriculture 5(3): 298-303.

Westberg, D. E. and H. D. Coble (1992). Effect of acifluorfen on the absorption, translocation, and metabolism of chlorimuron in certain weeds. Weed Technology 6(1): 4-12.

Wichert, R. A., R. Bozsa, et al. (1992). Temperature and relative humidity effects on diphenylether herbicides. Weed Technology 6(1): 19-24.

Adcock, T. E. and P. A. Banks (1991). Effects of preemergence herbicides on the competitiveness of selected weeds. Weed Science 39(1): 54-56.

Byrd, J. D. J. and H. D. Coble (1991). Interference of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Technology 5(2): 270-278.

Byrd, J. D. J. and H. D. Coble (1991). Interference of selected weeds in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Technology 5(2): 263-269.

Carey, J. B. and M. S. Defelice (1991). Timing of chlorimuron and imazaquin application for weed control in no-till soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Science 39(2): 232-237.

Devlin, D. L., J. H. Long, et al. (1991). Using reduced rates of postemergence herbicides in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Technology 5(4): 834-840.

Du, T. A. E. J. and C. D. M. R. Le (1991). Weed emergence patterns of some arable weeds under field conditions. South African Journal Of Plant And Soil 8(3): 153-157.

Ephrath, J. E. and J. D. Hesketh (1991). The thermal-photoperiod requirement for floral bud growth. Biotronics 20: 1-7.

Houssa, P., G. Bernier, et al. (1991). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of carbohydrates in leaf exudate of the short-day plant, Xanthium strumarium L. during floral transition. Journal Of Plant Physiology 138(1): 24-28.

Jha, A. K. and J. S. Singh (1991). Spoil characteristics and vegetation development of an age series of mine spoils in a dry tropical environment. Vegetatio 97(1): 63-76.

Loux, M. M. and M. A. Berry (1991). Use of a grower survey for estimating weed problems. Weed Technology 5(2): 460-466.

McLean, K. S. and K. W. Roy (1991). Weeds as a source of Colletotrichum capsici causing anthracnose on tomato fruit and cotton seedlings. Canadian Journal Of Plant Pathology 13(2): 131-134.

Molina, T. J. and M. L. Martinez (1991). Tocopherols and leaf age in Xanthium strumarium L. New Phytologist 118(1): 95-100.

Palmer, W. A. and R. D. Goeden (1991). The host range of Ophraella communa Lesage (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Coleopterists Bulletin 45(2): 115-120.

Podolnyi, V. Z. V. M., V. Z. Josefusova, et al. (1991). The role of indol-3-ylacetic acid in regulation of juvenility in Xanthium strumarium L. Biologia Plantarum Prague 33(1): 26-31. {a} Inst. Exp. Botany, Czech. Acad. Sci., Ke dvoru 15, 166 30 Praha 6, Czechoslovakia

Wixson, M. B. and D. R. Shaw (1991). Effect of adjuvants on weed control and soybean (Glycine max) tolerance with AC 263222. Weed Technology 5(4): 817-822.

Adcock, T. E., P. A. Banks, et al. (1990). Effects preemergence herbicides on soybean (Glycine max): Weed competition. Weed Science 38(2): 108-112.

Boneva, P., N. Bogatsevska, et al. (1990). Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato, an epiphyte in weed vegetation. Rasteniev"Dni Nauki 27(3): 99-104.

Bozsa, R. C. and L. R. Oliver (1990). Competitive mechanisms of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and soybean (Glycine max) during seedling growth. Weed Science 38(4-5): 344-350.

De, W. D., E. M. Jordaan, et al. (1990). Host status of seven weed species and their effects on Ditylenchus destructor infestation of peanut. Journal Of Nematology 22(3): 292-296.

Farris, M. A. and M. J. Lechowicz (1990). Functional interactions among traits that determine reproductive success in a native annual plant. Ecology 71(2): 548-557.

Kannangara, T., J. P. Durkin, et al. (1990). Changes in the polypeptide profiles during photoinduction of Xanthium strumarium. Physiologia Plantarum 78(4): 519-525.

Marwat, K. B. and E. D. Nafziger (1990). Cocklebur and velvetleaf interference with soybean grown at different densities and planting patterns. Agronomy Journal 82(3): 531-534.

Mirolo, C., M. Bodson, et al. (1990). Floral induction of Xanthium strumarium in long days. Annals Of Botany 66(4): 475-478.

Neary, P. E. and B. A. Majek (1990). Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) interference in snap beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). Weed Technology 4(4): 743-748.

Papafotiou, M. and W. W. Schwabe (1990). Studies on the long-day inhibition of flowering in Xanthium and Kalanchoe. Physiologia Plantarum 80(2): 177-184.

Pike, D. R., E. W. Stoller, et al. (1990). Modeling soybean growth and canopy apportionment in weed and soybean (Glycine max) competition. Weed Science 38(6): 522-527.

Robbins, R. T., L. R. Oliver, et al. (1990). Interaction among a nematode (Heterodera glycines), an insect, and three weeds in soybean. Journal Of Nematology 22(4 Suppl): 729-734.

Saha, B., C. Chakravorty, et al. (1990). Studies on micro-morphology of leaf in relation to mine environment. Indian Biologist 22(1): 12-16.

Salgare, S. A. and R. N. Acharekar (1990). Effect of polluted water of Kalu River (India) on the vitamin content of its vegetation: II. Advances In Plant Sciences 3(1): 47-52.

Salgare, S. A. and K. B. Andhyarujina (1990). Effect of polluted water of Ulhas river (India) on the inorganic content of its vegetation: II. Journal Of Phytological Research 3(1-2): 39-44.

Vanky, K. (1990). Taxonomical studies on Ustilaginales: V. Mycotaxon 36(2): 473-482.

Andersen, R. N. and D. F. Ralston (1989). Growing weeds in nonaerated nutrient solution. Weed Technology 3(1): 143-145.

Barrentine, W. L. (1989). Minimum effective rate of chlorimuron and imazaquin applied to common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium). Weed Technology 3(1): 126-130.

Blais, P. A. and M. J. Lechowicz (1989). Variation among populations of Xanthium strumarium (Compositae) from natural and ruderal habitats. American Journal Of Botany 76(6): 901-908.

Gukasyan, I. A., V. Z. Podol'Nyi, et al. (1989). Juvenility and structural features of the cotyledons and first pair leaves in Xanthium strumarium. Doklady Akademii Nauk Sssr 309(3): 761-763.

Henry, W. T. and T. T. Bauman (1989). Interference between soybeans (Glycine max) and common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) under Indiana (USA) field conditions. Weed Science 37(6): 753-760.

Molina, T. J., D. L. Laidman, et al. (1989). The influence of photoperiod on incorporation of precursors into tocopherols and plastoquinone in Xanthium strumarium L. New Phytologist 111(3): 397-402.

Mortensen, D. A. and H. D. Coble (1989). The influence of soil water content on common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) interference in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Science 37(1): 76-83.

Podolnyi, V. Z., Z. Josefusova, et al. (1989). Abscisic acid as a potent regulator of the transition from juvenile to mature stage in Xanthium strumarium. Biologia Plantarum 31(2): 139-144.

Quimby, P. C. J. (1989). Response of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) to Alternaria helianthi. Weed Technology 3(1): 177-181.

Regnier, E. E. and E. W. Stoller (1989). The effects of soybean (Glycine max) interference on the canopy architecture of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium), jimsonweed (Datura stramonium), and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Science 37(2): 187-195.

Regnier, E. E., E. W. Stoller, et al. (1989). Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) root and shoot interference in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Science 37(3): 308-313.

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